Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

Advertisement

Scientific Reports
  • View all journals
  • Search
  • My Account Login
  • Content Explore content
  • About the journal
  • Publish with us
  • Sign up for alerts
  • RSS feed
  1. nature
  2. scientific reports
  3. articles
  4. article
Immediate effects of real time feedback and kinesiotaping on kinematics and muscle activity in athletes with dynamic knee valgus
Download PDF
Download PDF
  • Article
  • Open access
  • Published: 28 February 2026

Immediate effects of real time feedback and kinesiotaping on kinematics and muscle activity in athletes with dynamic knee valgus

  • Taha Gheibi1,
  • Ebrahim Mohammad Ali Nasab Firouzjah2,
  • Hadi Abbaszadeh Ghanati3 &
  • …
  • Thomas Gus Almonroeder4 

Scientific Reports , Article number:  (2026) Cite this article

  • 826 Accesses

  • Metrics details

We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors present which affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply.

Subjects

  • Anatomy
  • Health care
  • Medical research

Abstract

Dynamic knee valgus (DKV) is a significant risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Real-time feedback (RTF) and Kinesio taping (KT) are common interventions used to prevent DKV. This study aimed to compare the immediate effects of RTF, with and without KT, on the kinematics and muscle activity in athletes with dynamic knee valgus. This randomized controlled trial study included 34 male athletes aged 20–25 years with DKV (> 10°) from jumping sports (handball, basketball, and volleyball) who were randomly assigned to two groups: RTF (age 21.94 ± 2.56 years, height 184.35 ± 5.27 cm, weight 74.50 ± 6.75 kg) and RTF + KT (age 22.29 ± 1.86 years, height 183.05 ± 6.01 cm, weight 73.50 ± 5.48 kg). Dynamic knee valgus was screened using Kinovea software during a landing from a 32 cm platform. All participants performed step-down, lateral step-down, double-leg squat and single-leg squat exercises under RTF and RTF with KT conditions. All kinematics and electromyographic variables were assessed during the single-leg vertical drop jump (SL-VDJ) task. Knee flexion, hip flexion, knee valgus and ankle dorsiflexion angles were measured by an IMU system and feedforward activity of hip and knee muscles was measured by an EMG device before and after the exercise intervention. 2 × 2 mixed-model ANOVA (group: RTF, RTF + KT, time: pretest, posttest) was used for data analysis at the significance level of p ≤ 0.05. There was a significant group-by-time interaction effect for peak knee flexion angle (F1,32=5.382, p = 0.027), gluteus medius activity (F1,32=5.9532, p = 0.004), and vastus medialis activity (F1,32=4.288, p = 0.047), with the RTF + KT group exhibiting greater pre-to-post increases in peak knee flexion, gluteus medius activity, and vastus medialis activity, compared to the RTF group. There was a significant main effect of time for peak hip flexion angle (F1,32=7.427, p = 0.010), peak knee valgus angle (F1,32=90.201, p = 0.001), peak ankle dorsiflexion angle (F1,32=4.211, p = 0.048), gluteus maximus activity (F1,32=17.069, p = 0.001), vastus lateralis activity (F1,32=35.908, p = 0.001), medial hamstring activity (F1,32=60.183, p = 0.001), and lateral hamstring activity (F1,32=36.983, p = 0.001), with both groups exhibiting similar changes over time. In summary, RTF + KT and RTF effectively altered kinematic and electromyographic ACL injury risk factors. The RTF + KT intervention demonstrated notable within-group enhancements for multiple measures, particularly in increasing knee flexion and activation of the gluteus medius and vastus medialis muscles. Consequently, while RTF alone constitutes an effective intervention, the RTF + KT combination may offer additional benefits for addressing deficits in knee flexion and specific muscle activations in athletes displaying DKV.

Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

KT:

Kinesio taping

DKV:

Dynamic knee valgus

RTF:

Real-time feedback

ACL:

Anterior cruciate ligament

References

  1. Dienst, M., Burks, R. T. & Greis, P. E. Anatomy and biomechanics of the anterior cruciate ligament. Orthop. Clin. North. Am. 33 (4), 605–620 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Chia, L. et al. Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury epidemiology in team-ball sports: a systematic review with meta-analysis by sex, age, sport, participation level, and exposure type. Sport Med. 52 (10), 2447–2467 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Della Villa, F. et al. Systematic Video Analysis of ACL Injuries in Male Professional English Soccer Players: A Study of 124 Cases. Orthop. J. Sport Med. 13 (2), 23259671251314640 (2025).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ekegren, C. L., Miller, W. C., Celebrini, R. G., Eng, J. J. & Macintyre, D. L. Reliability and validity of observational risk screening in evaluating dynamic knee valgus. J. Orthop. Sport Phys. Ther. 39 (9), 665–674 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Wilczyński, B., Zorena, K. & Ślęzak, D. Dynamic knee valgus in single-leg movement tasks. Potentially modifiable factors and exercise training options. A literature review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 17 (21), 8208 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Grassi, A. et al. Mechanisms and situations of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in professional male soccer players: a YouTube-based video analysis. Eur. J. Orthop. Surg. Traumatol. 27, 967–981 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Della Villa, F. et al. Systematic video analysis of ACL injuries in professional male football (soccer): injury mechanisms, situational patterns and biomechanics study on 134 consecutive cases. Br. J. Sports Med. 54 (23), 1423–1432 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Mauntel, T. C., Frank, B. S., Begalle, R. L., Blackburn, J. T. & Padua, D. A. Kinematic differences between those with and without medial knee displacement during a single-leg squat. J. Appl. Biomech. 30 (6), 707–712 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Shultz, S. J. et al. ACL Research Retreat VII: an update on anterior cruciate ligament injury risk factor identification, screening, and prevention: March 19–21, 2015; Greensboro, NC. J. Athl Train. 50 (10), 1076–1093 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Shimokochi, Y., Yong Lee, S., Shultz, S. J. & Schmitz, R. J. The relationships among sagittal-plane lower extremity moments: implications for landing strategy in anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention. J. Athl Train. 44 (1), 33–38 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Hewett, T. E. et al. Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: a prospective study. Am. J. Sports Med. 33 (4), 492–501 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Badiola-Zabala, A. et al. Observational study with the objective of determining possible correlations between GRF and muscle activation at reception after a jump in an ACL injury. Apunt Sport Med. 55 (206), 63–70 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Nascimento, M. B., Vilarinho, L. G., Lobato, D. F. M. & Dionisio, V. C. Role of gluteus maximus and medius activation in the lower lib biomechanical control during functional single-leg tasks: a systematic review. Knee 43, 163–175 (2023).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Färber, S., Heinrich, D., Werner, I. & Federolf, P. Is it possible to voluntarily increase hamstring muscle activation during landing from a snow jump in alpine skiing?-a pilot study. J. Sports Sci. 37 (2), 180–187 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Hewett, T. E., Zazulak, B. T., Myer, G. D. & Ford, K. R. A review of electromyographic activation levels, timing differences, and increased anterior cruciate ligament injury incidence in female athletes. Br. J. Sports Med. 39 (6), 347–350 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Armitano, C., Haegele, J. A. & Russell, D. M. The use of augmented information for reducing anterior cruciate ligament injury risk during jump landings: a systematic review. J. Athl Train. 53 (9), 844–859 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Rajasekar, S., Kumar, A., Patel, J., Ramprasad, M. & Samuel, A. J. Does Kinesio taping correct exaggerated dynamic knee valgus? A randomized double blinded sham-controlled trial. J. Bodyw. Mov. Ther. 22 (3), 727–732 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Howe, A., Campbell, A., Ng, L., Hall, T. & Hopper, D. Effects of two different knee tape procedures on lower-limb kinematics and kinetics in recreational runners. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports. 25 (4), 517–524 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Villar, P. L., Cabello, M. G. & Marne, P. S. C. Revisión del Kinesio Taping o vendaje neuromuscular como forma de tratamiento fisioterapéutico. Cuest Fisioter Rev. Univ. Inf. e Investig en Fisioter. 40 (1), 65–76 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Lyman, K. J., Keister, K., Gange, K., Mellinger, C. D. & Hanson, T. A. Investigating the effectiveness of kinesio® taping space correction method in healthy adults on patellofemoral joint and subcutaneous space. Int. J. Sports Phys. Ther. 12 (2), 250 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ogrodzka-Ciechanowicz, K., Głąb, G., Ślusarski, J., Gądek, A. & Nawara, J. Does kinesiotaping can improve static stability of the knee after anterior cruciate ligament rupture? A randomized single-blind, placebo-controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci. Med. Rehabil. 13, 1–12 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Sheikhi, B., Letafatkar, A., Hogg, J. & Naseri-Mobaraki, E. The influence of kinesio taping on trunk and lower extremity motions during different landing tasks: implications for anterior cruciate ligament injury. J. Exp. Orthop. 8, 1–9 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Limroongreungrat, W. & Boonkerd, C. Immediate effect of ACL kinesio taping technique on knee joint biomechanics during a drop vertical jump: a randomized crossover controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci. Med. Rehabil. 11, 1–7 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Ford, K. R., DiCesare, C. A., Myer, G. D. & Hewett, T. E. Real-time biofeedback to target risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury: a technical report for injury prevention and rehabilitation. J Sport Rehabil. 24(2), (2015).

  25. Oñate, J. A. et al. Instruction of jump-landing technique using videotape feedback. Am. J. Sports Med. 33 (6), 831–842 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Lewis, D. A., Kirkbride, B., Vertullo, C. J., Gordon, L. & Comans, T. A. Comparison of four alternative national universal anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention programme implementation strategies to reduce secondary future medical costs. Br. J. Sports Med. 52 (4), 277–282 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Richardson, M. C., Wilkinson, A., Chesterton, P. & Evans, W. Effect of sand on landing knee valgus during single-leg land and drop jump tasks: possible implications for ACL injury prevention and rehabilitation. J. Sport Rehabil. 30 (1), 97–104 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Ghanati, H. A., Letafatkar, A., Shojaedin, S., Hadadnezhad, M. & Schöllhorn, W. I. Comparing the effects of differential learning, self-controlled feedback, and external focus of attention training on biomechanical risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in athletes: a randomized controlled trial. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 19 (16), 10052 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Cannon, J., Cambridge, E. D. J. & McGill, S. M. Increased core stability is associated with reduced knee valgus during single-leg landing tasks: Investigating lumbar spine and hip joint rotational stiffness. J. Biomech. 116, 110240 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Carmona-Pérez, C. et al. Concurrent validity and reliability of an inertial measurement unit for the assessment of craniocervical range of motion in subjects with cerebral palsy. Diagnostics 10 (2), 80 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Mohammadian, M. A., Mozayyany, H., Koudakani, S. B. & Maloney, S. J. Validity and reliability of torso-versus waist-worn inertial measurement units in the assessment of vertical jumps. J. Biomech. 176, 112338 (2024).

    Google Scholar 

  32. Thomas, J. M. & Kollock, R. O. The Reliability of three-dimensional inertial measurement units in capturing lower-body joint kinematics during single-leg landing tasks. Int. J. Exerc. Sci. 15 (1), 1306 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  33. Stensrud, S., Myklebust, G., Kristianslund, E., Bahr, R. & Krosshaug, T. Correlation between two-dimensional video analysis and subjective assessment in evaluating knee control among elite female team handball players. Br. J. Sports Med. 45 (7), 589–595 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Surface ElectroMyoGraphy for the Non-Invasive Assessment of Muscles (SENIAM). SENIAM. Accessed August 1, (2025). Available from: http://seniam.org/

  35. Struminger, A. H., Lewek, M. D., Goto, S., Hibberd, E. & Blackburn, J. T. Comparison of gluteal and hamstring activation during five commonly used plyometric exercises. Clin. Biomech. 28 (7), 783–789 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Contreras, B., Vigotsky, A. D., Schoenfeld, B. J., Beardsley, C. & Cronin, J. A comparison of gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, and vastus lateralis electromyographic activity in the back squat and barbell hip thrust exercises. J. Appl. Biomech. 31 (6), 452–458 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  37. Sebesi, B. et al. The indirect role of gluteus medius muscle in knee joint stability during unilateral vertical jump and landing on unstable surface in young trained males. Appl. Sci. 11 (16), 7421 (2021).

    Google Scholar 

  38. Distefano, L. J., Blackburn, J. T., Marshall, S. W. & Padua, D. A. Gluteal muscle activation during common therapeutic exercises. J. Orthop. Sport Phys. Ther. 39 (7), 532–540 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Zebis, M. K. et al. Effects of evidence-based prevention training on neuromuscular and biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury in adolescent female athletes: a randomised controlled trial. Br. J. Sports Med. 50 (9), 552–557 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  40. Lephart, S. M. et al. Neuromuscular and biomechanical characteristic changes in high school athletes: a plyometric versus basic resistance program. Br. J. Sports Med. 39 (12), 932–938 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  41. Marshall, A. N., Hertel, J., Hart, J. M., Russell, S. & Saliba, S. A. Visual biofeedback and changes in lower extremity kinematics in individuals with medial knee displacement. J. Athl Train. 55 (3), 255–264 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  42. Orangi, B. M., Ghanati, H. A., Basereh, A., Hesar, N. G. Z. & Jones, P. A. The effects of different focus cues and motor learning strategies on landing mechanics in male handball players. Sci. Rep. 15 (1), 32206 (2025).

    Google Scholar 

  43. Herman, D. C. et al. The effects of feedback with and without strength training on lower extremity biomechanics. Am. J. Sports Med. 37 (7), 1301–1308 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  44. Shams, F., Hadadnezhad, M., Letafatkar, A. & Hogg, J. Valgus control feedback and taping Improves the effects of plyometric exercises in women with dynamic knee valgus. Sports Health. 14 (5), 747–757 (2022).

    Google Scholar 

  45. Espí-López, G. V. et al. Effects of taping and balance exercises on knee and lower-extremity function in amateur soccer players: A randomized controlled trial. J. Sport Rehabil. 29 (5), 626–632 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  46. Xu, D. et al. Temporal kinematic differences between forward and backward jump-landing. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 17 (18), 6669 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  47. Zhang, S. N., Bates, B. T. & Dufek, J. S. Contributions of lower extremity joints to energy dissipation during landings. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 32 (4), 812–819 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  48. Yu, B., Lin, C. F. & Garrett, W. E. Lower extremity biomechanics during the landing of a stop-jump task. Clin. Biomech. 21 (3), 297–305 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  49. Laughlin, W. A. et al. The effects of single-leg landing technique on ACL loading. J. Biomech. 44 (10), 1845–1851 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  50. Southard, J., Kernozek, T. W., Ragan, R. & Willson, J. Comparison of estimated anterior cruciate ligament tension during a typical and flexed knee and hip drop landing using sagittal plane knee modeling. Int. J. Sports Med. 33 (05), 381–385 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  51. Aizawa, J., Ohji, S., Koga, H., Masuda, T. & Yagishita, K. Correlations between sagittal plane kinematics and landing impact force during single-leg lateral jump-landings. J. Phys. Ther. Sci. 28 (8), 2316–2321 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  52. Pollard, C. D., Sigward, S. M. & Powers, C. M. Limited hip and knee flexion during landing is associated with increased frontal plane knee motion and moments. Clin. Biomech. 25 (2), 142–146 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  53. Zhou, H. & Ugbolue, U. C. Is there a relationship between strike pattern and injury during running: a review. Phys. Act. Heal 3(1), 127-134 (2019).

  54. Boden, B. P., Dean, G. S., Feagin, J. A. & Garrett, W. E. Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Orthopedics 23 (6), 573–578 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  55. Yeow, C. H., Lee, P. V. S. & Goh, J. C. H. An investigation of lower extremity energy dissipation strategies during single-leg and double-leg landing based on sagittal and frontal plane biomechanics. Hum. Mov. Sci. 30 (3), 624–635 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  56. Decker, M. J., Torry, M. R., Wyland, D. J., Sterett, W. I. & Steadman, J. R. Gender differences in lower extremity kinematics, kinetics and energy absorption during landing. Clin. Biomech. 18 (7), 662–669 (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  57. Lucas, K. C. H., Kline, P. W., Ireland, M. L. & Noehren, B. Hip and trunk muscle dysfunction: implications for anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention. Ann. Jt. 2(18), 1-8 (2017).

  58. Ghanati, H. A., Letafatkar, A., Almonroeder, T. G. & Rabiei, P. Examining the influence of attentional focus on the effects of a neuromuscular training program in male athletes. J. strength. Cond Res. 36(6), 1568-1575 (2020).

  59. Fong, C. M., Blackburn, J. T., Norcross, M. F., McGrath, M. & Padua, D. A. Ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion and landing biomechanics. J. Athl Train. 46 (1), 5–10 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  60. Sigward, S. M., Ota, S. & Powers, C. M. Predictors of frontal plane knee excursion during a drop land in young female soccer players. J. Orthop. Sport Phys. Ther. 38 (11), 661–667 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  61. Padua, D. A., Bell, D. R. & Clark, M. A. Neuromuscular characteristics of individuals displaying excessive medial knee displacement. J. Athl Train. 47 (5), 525–536 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  62. Bell, D. R., Padua, D. A. & Clark, M. A. Muscle strength and flexibility characteristics of people displaying excessive medial knee displacement. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 89 (7), 1323–1328 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  63. Buckthorpe, M., Stride, M. & Della Villa, F. Assessing and treating gluteus maximus weakness–a clinical commentary. Int. J. Sports Phys. Ther. 14 (4), 655 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  64. Homan, K. J., Norcross, M. F., Goerger, B. M., Prentice, W. E. & Blackburn, J. T. The influence of hip strength on gluteal activity and lower extremity kinematics. J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol. 23 (2), 411–415 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  65. Neamatallah, Z., Herrington, L. & Jones, R. An investigation into the role of gluteal muscle strength and EMG activity in controlling HIP and knee motion during landing tasks. Phys. Ther. Sport. 43, 230–235 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  66. Claiborne, T. L., Armstrong, C. W., Gandhi, V. & Pincivero, D. M. Relationship between hip and knee strength and knee valgus during a single leg squat. J. Appl. Biomech. 22 (1), 41–50 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  67. Ebben, W. P. et al. Gender-based analysis of hamstring and quadriceps muscle activation during jump landings and cutting. J. Strength. Cond Res. 24 (2), 408–415 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  68. Bencke, J., Aagaard, P. & Zebis, M. K. Muscle activation during ACL injury risk movements in young female athletes: A narrative review. Front. Physiol. 9, 445 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank all participants in the collaboration to make this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Masters of Sport injury and Corrective Exercise, Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

    Taha Gheibi

  2. Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

    Ebrahim Mohammad Ali Nasab Firouzjah

  3. Department of Biomechanics and Sports Injury, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

    Hadi Abbaszadeh Ghanati

  4. Brooks College of Health Professions at Trine University, Fort Wayne, USA

    Thomas Gus Almonroeder

Authors
  1. Taha Gheibi
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ebrahim Mohammad Ali Nasab Firouzjah
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hadi Abbaszadeh Ghanati
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Thomas Gus Almonroeder
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

RH: Investigation, Conceptualization, Methodology, Data capture, Data analysis.EM: Writing- Original draft preparation, Data curation, Conceptualization, Scientific editing.HA: Writing- Original draft preparation, Investigation, Data capture, Date analysis.TG: Writing- Original draft preparation, investigation, Data analysis, Scientific editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ebrahim Mohammad Ali Nasab Firouzjah.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval and informed consent to participate

All experimental protocols of this study were carried out following Declaration Helsinki and were approved by the Ethics Committee of Urmia University (Approval No. IR.X.REC.1403.031). All subjects provided written information informed consent prior to participation in the study.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gheibi, T., Firouzjah, E.M.A.N., Ghanati, H.A. et al. Immediate effects of real time feedback and kinesiotaping on kinematics and muscle activity in athletes with dynamic knee valgus. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41823-6

Download citation

  • Received: 05 October 2025

  • Accepted: 23 February 2026

  • Published: 28 February 2026

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41823-6

Share this article

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

Keywords

  • Visual feedback
  • Kinematics
  • Electromyography
  • Movement retraining
  • Motor control
Download PDF

Associated content

Collection

Sports injury prevention and rehabilitation

Advertisement

Explore content

  • Research articles
  • News & Comment
  • Collections
  • Subjects
  • Follow us on Facebook
  • Follow us on X
  • Sign up for alerts
  • RSS feed

About the journal

  • About Scientific Reports
  • Contact
  • Journal policies
  • Guide to referees
  • Calls for Papers
  • Editor's Choice
  • Journal highlights
  • Open Access Fees and Funding

Publish with us

  • For authors
  • Language editing services
  • Open access funding
  • Submit manuscript

Search

Advanced search

Quick links

  • Explore articles by subject
  • Find a job
  • Guide to authors
  • Editorial policies

Scientific Reports (Sci Rep)

ISSN 2045-2322 (online)

nature.com footer links

About Nature Portfolio

  • About us
  • Press releases
  • Press office
  • Contact us

Discover content

  • Journals A-Z
  • Articles by subject
  • protocols.io
  • Nature Index

Publishing policies

  • Nature portfolio policies
  • Open access

Author & Researcher services

  • Reprints & permissions
  • Research data
  • Language editing
  • Scientific editing
  • Nature Masterclasses
  • Research Solutions

Libraries & institutions

  • Librarian service & tools
  • Librarian portal
  • Open research
  • Recommend to library

Advertising & partnerships

  • Advertising
  • Partnerships & Services
  • Media kits
  • Branded content

Professional development

  • Nature Awards
  • Nature Careers
  • Nature Conferences

Regional websites

  • Nature Africa
  • Nature China
  • Nature India
  • Nature Japan
  • Nature Middle East
  • Privacy Policy
  • Use of cookies
  • Legal notice
  • Accessibility statement
  • Terms & Conditions
  • Your US state privacy rights
Springer Nature

© 2026 Springer Nature Limited

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing