Table 1 Clinical characteristics and thromboelastography (TEG) parameters of the participants.
Characteristics | Non- Early Pregnancy loss | Early Pregnancy loss | p |
|---|---|---|---|
N = 334 | N = 129 | ||
Age | 31.00 [29.00,34.00] | 32.00 [29.00,36.00] | 0.047* |
Education level | 0.620 | ||
Junior high school or below | 68 (20.36%) | 32 (24.81%) | |
High school | 48 (14.37%) | 20 (15.50%) | |
College | 198 (59.28%) | 68 (52.71%) | |
Postgraduate or above | 20 (5.99%) | 9 (6.98%) | |
Spouses’ age | 33.00 [30.00,36.00] | 34.00 [30.00,38.00] | 0.157 |
Menarcheal age | 13.00 [13.00,14.00] | 13.00 [13.00,14.00] | 0.467 |
Body mass index(BMI) | 21.93 [20.19,24.41] | 22.66 [21.03,24.09] | 0.087 |
Gravidity | 0.756 | ||
0 | 179(53.59%) | 69(53.49%) | |
1 | 87(26.05%) | 28(21.71%) | |
2 | 38(11.38%) | 16(12.40%) | |
3 | 17(5.09%) | 9(6.98%) | |
4 | 13(3.90%) | 7(5.43%) | |
Parity | 0.021* | ||
0 | 288 (86.23%) | 98 (75.97%) | |
1 | 40 (11.98%) | 28 (21.71%) | |
2 | 6 (1.80%) | 3 (2.33%) | |
Number of abortions | 0.573 | ||
0 | 224 (67.07%) | 89 (68.99%) | |
1 | 73 (21.86%) | 24 (18.60%) | |
2 | 24 (7.19%) | 13 (10.08%) | |
3 | 13 (3.89%) | 3 (2.33%) | |
Number of spontaneous abortion | 0.410 | ||
0 | 290 (86.83%) | 118 (90.77%) | |
1 | 35 (10.48%) | 11 (8.46%) | |
2 | 9 (2.69%) | 1 (0.77%) | |
Number of children | 0.038 * | ||
0 | 288 (86.23%) | 99 (76.74%) | |
1 | 42 (12.57%) | 28 (21.71%) | |
2 | 4 (1.20%) | 2 (1.55%) | |
Endometriosis | 1.000 | ||
NO | 322 (96.41%) | 125 (96.90%) | |
YES | 12 (3.59%) | 4 (3.10%) | |
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) | 0.148 | ||
NO | 278 (83.23%) | 115 (89.15%) | |
YES | 56 (16.77%) | 14 (10.85%) | |
Tubal factor | 0.572 | ||
NO | 104 (31.14%) | 36 (27.91%) | |
YES | 230 (68.86%) | 93 (72.09%) | |
Ovulatory dysfunction | 0.001 * | ||
NO | 322 (96.41%) | 113 (87.60%) | |
YES | 12 (3.59%) | 16 (12.40%) | |
Unexplained infertility | 0.378 | ||
NO | 325 (97.31%) | 123 (95.35%) | |
YES | 9 (2.69%) | 6 (4.65%) | |
Male factor | 0.524 | ||
NO | 112 (33.53%) | 48 (37.21%) | |
YES | 222 (66.47%) | 81 (62.79%) | |
Medical history &comorbidities | |||
Thyroid & endocrine disorders | 0.015 * | ||
NO | 307 (91.92%) | 108 (83.72%) | |
YES | 27 (8.08%) | 21 (16.28%) | |
Recurrent pregnancy loss | 0.530 | ||
NO | 323 (96.71%) | 127 (98.45%) | |
YES | 11 (3.29%) | 2 (1.55%) | |
Antral follicle count | 0.968 | ||
Number of retrieved oocytes | 0.458 | ||
Number of metaphase-II oocytes | 0.397 | ||
Fertilization methods in assisted reproductive technology (ART) | 0.750 | ||
In vitro fertilization (IVF) | 287 (85.93%) | 113 (87.60%) | |
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) | 47 (14.07%) | 16 (12.40%) | |
Number of transferred embryos | 0.471 | ||
1 | 173(51.8%) | 62(48.1%) | |
2 | 161(48.2%) | 67(51.9) | |
Fertilization rate # | 0.70 [0.56,0.83] | 0.67 [0.59,0.80] | 0.593 |
TEG | |||
Reaction time (R ) | 60.25 [55.90,64.68] | 5.40 [4.80,6.40] | 0.004 * |
Maximum amplitude (MA) | 5.70 [5.00,6.50] | 62.90 [57.40,66.20] | 0.012 * |
Lysis at 30 min (LY30) | 1.50 [1.20,1.80] | 0.10 [0.10,0.10] | 0.054 |
Kinetics time (K ) | 0.10 [0.10,0.30] | 1.40 [1.20,1.70] | 0.123 |
Estimated percent lysis | 0.50 [−0.58,1.50] | 0.10 [0.10,0.90] | 0.002 * |
Coagulation index (CI) | 69.10 [64.82,72.30] | 1.00 [−0.20,2.00] | 0.030 * |
Alpha angle (α-angle) | 0.10 [0.10,0.10] | 69.90 [66.80,73.40] | 0.094 |
