Table 5 Sample characteristics of two rounds of census survey in three Thai villages
Variable | Survey Round I | Survey Round II | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Std. dev. | Min | Max | n | Mean | Std. dev. | Min | Max | n | ||
Activity | % participated in educational activity: throughout | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 626 | 0.13 | 0.33 | 0 | 1 | 640 |
% participated in educational activity: partly | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 626 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
% heard about educational activity | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 626 | 0.44 | 0.50 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
% saw poster of educational activity | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 626 | 0.41 | 0.49 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
Demographic attributes | Sex (% female) | 0.54 | 0.50 | 0 | 1 | 626 | 0.54 | 0.50 | 0 | 1 | 640 |
Age | 46.21 | 15.88 | 18 | 91 | 626 | 46.36 | 16.15 | 18 | 91 | 640 | |
Completed years of formal education | 4.46 | 4.88 | 0 | 18 | 626 | 4.43 | 4.87 | 0 | 19 | 640 | |
Wealth index (range: 0–1)a,b | 0.56 | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.89 | 291 | 0.55 | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.89 | 304 | |
% speaking Thai | 0.84 | 0.37 | 0 | 1 | 626 | 0.83 | 0.37 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
Ethnic group: Thai/Mueang | 0.34 | 0.47 | 0 | 1 | 626 | 0.35 | 0.48 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
Ethnic group: Akha | 0.09 | 0.29 | 0 | 1 | 626 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
Ethnic group: Lahu | 0.23 | 0.42 | 0 | 1 | 626 | 0.23 | 0.42 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
Ethnic group: Mien | 0.27 | 0.45 | 0 | 1 | 626 | 0.26 | 0.44 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
Ethnic group: Khamu | 0.07 | 0.25 | 0 | 1 | 626 | 0.06 | 0.24 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
Ethnic group: Other | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0 | 1 | 626 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
Antibiotic knowledge/attitudes | % who have seen antibiotic capsules | 0.79 | 0.40 | 0 | 1 | 626 | 0.98 | 0.15 | 0 | 1 | 640 |
% who have heard of drug resistance | 0.66 | 0.47 | 0 | 1 | 626 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 0 | 1 | 640 | |
% buy antibiotics over the counter (attitude)c | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0 | 1 | 614 | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0 | 1 | 631 | |
% prefer antibiotics over alternatives (attitude)c | 0.62 | 0.49 | 0 | 1 | 602 | 0.62 | 0.49 | 0 | 1 | 608 | |
% do not keep antibiotics for future use (knowledge)c | 0.58 | 0.49 | 0 | 1 | 620 | 0.58 | 0.49 | 0 | 1 | 637 | |
% antibiotic resistance can spread (knowledge)c | 0.14 | 0.35 | 0 | 1 | 514 | 0.12 | 0.33 | 0 | 1 | 568 | |
No. of desirable knowledge/attitude answers (out of 4) | 1.84 | 1.04 | 0 | 4 | 626 | 1.81 | 1.07 | 0 | 4 | 640 | |
Treatment-seeking behaviourd,e | Self-rated severity (1 = mild, 2 = medium, 3 = severe) | 1.84 | 0.76 | 1 | 3 | 234 | 1.72 | 0.83 | 1 | 3 | 267 |
Average duration of illness episode | 11.00 | 47.73 | 0 | 721 | 234 | 8.97 | 10.99 | 0 | 67 | 267 | |
Average no. of medicine courses receivedf | 2.30 | 1.71 | 0 | 11 | 234 | 2.18 | 1.81 | 0 | 11 | 267 | |
Average no. of capsule/tablet-type medicine coursesg | 1.71 | 1.47 | 0 | 9 | 234 | 1.60 | 1.58 | 0 | 8 | 267 | |
% public providers (health centres, hospitals) | 0.38 | 0.49 | 0 | 1 | 234 | 0.31 | 0.46 | 0 | 1 | 267 | |
% private providers (clinics, hospitals, pharmacies) | 0.14 | 0.35 | 0 | 1 | 234 | 0.21 | 0.41 | 0 | 1 | 267 | |
% informal providers (grocery stores, healers) | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0 | 1 | 234 | 0.10 | 0.31 | 0 | 1 | 267 | |
% family and self-care | 0.90 | 0.30 | 0 | 1 | 234 | 0.93 | 0.26 | 0 | 1 | 267 | |
% others | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0 | 1 | 234 | 0.04 | 0.20 | 0 | 1 | 267 | |