Fig. 1: Frequencies of Cooperation, Defection, and Punishment (C, D, P) across the three treatments.
From: Segregating socioeconomic classes leads to an unequal redistribution of wealth
In T0 the subjects could punish each other by random partner matching, regardless of their socioeconomic class (integrated society model); in T1 and T2 the matching was predetermined (segregated society models): in T1 richer subjects could punish poorer ones, whereas in T2 poorer could punish richer ones. High levels of defections are found in all treatments, but, in the integrated condition, the punishers limited themselves in defecting while punishing. In both segregation conditions, instead, the punishers decreased their cooperation levels when punishing. ** Means p < 0.01, *** means p < 0.001; error bars show standard errors of the means.
