Table 6 Facial expression x age, Big-Five personality traits (M, SE, Mean difference).

From: Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressions

 

Smile

Neutral

Scowl

Young

M (SE)

Old

M (SE)

MDa

Young

M (SE)

Old

M (SE)

MDb

Young

M (SE)

Old

M (SE)

MDc

Agreeableness

6.15 (0.08)

6.46 (0.09)

–0.31*

4.69 (0.10)

4.40 (0.12)

0.29*

3.15 (0.09)

3.09 (0.10)

0.06

Conscientiousness

5.60 (0.07)

5.80 (0.08)

–0.20*

5.06 (0.08)

5.42 (0.09)

–0.36*

4.02 (0.08)

4.80 (0.09)

–0.78*

Emotionally Stabled

3.20 (0.08)

2.91 (0.09)

0.29*

4.23 (0.09)

4.40 (0.09)

–0.17

5.80 (0.08)

5.54 (0.09)

0.26*

Extraverted

5.87 (0.07)

5.94 (0.07)

–0.07

4.13 (0.07)

4.53 (0.07)

–0.40*

4.87 (0.06)

4.69 (0.07)

0.18

Openness

5.27 (0.08)

5.25 (0.08)

0.02

4.74 (0.07)

4.56 (0.08)

0.18

3.89 (0.08)

3.96 (0.09)

–0.07

  1. *p < 0.05.
  2. a Mean difference between smiling young and old.
  3. b Mean difference between neutral young and old.
  4. c Mean difference between scowling young and old.
  5. d Scaling for Emotional Stability: 1 (highest), 8 (lowest). Scaling for the other four traits: 1 (lowest), 8 (highest).