Table 7 Facial expression and gender, Big-Five personality traits (M, SE, mean difference).

From: Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressions

 

Smile

Neutral

Scowl

Male

M (SE)

Female

M (SE)

MDa

Male

M (SE)

Female

M (SE)

MDb

Male

M (SE)

Female

M (SE)

MDc

Agreeableness

6.26 (0.07)

6.35 (0.06)

–0.09

4.59 (0.08)

4.50 (0.08)

0.09

2.95 (0.07)

3.28 (0.08)

–0.33*

Conscientiousness

5.70 (0.06)

5.70 (0.06)

0.0

5.25 (0.07)

5.23 (0.07)

0.02

4.35 (0.07)

4.46 (0.07)

–0.11

Emotionally Stabled

3.01 (0.07)

3.09 (0.07)

–0.08

4.28 (0.07)

4.35 (0.07)

–0.07

5.76 (0.06)

5.58 (0.07)

0.18

Extraverted

6.00 (0.06)

5.81 (0.05)

0.19

4.45 (0.06)

4.22 (0.06)

0.23

4.92 (0.05)

4.64 (0.05)

0.28

Openness

5.23 (0.06)

5.29 (0.06)

–0.06

4.61 (0.06)

4.68 (0.07)

–0.07

3.89 (0.07)

3.96 (0.07)

–0.07

  1. *p < 0.02.
  2. aMean difference between smiling male and female.
  3. bMean difference between neutral male and female.
  4. cMean difference between scowling male and female.
  5. dScaling for Emotional Stability: 1 (highest), 8 (lowest). Scaling for the other four traits: 1 (lowest), 8 (highest).
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