Table 1 Overview of individual differences in music-related coping, functions, situations, and selection for two latent variables that describe changes in positive and negative emotion during the coronavirus crisis.
Change in negative emotions during the coronavirus crisis | Change in positive emotions during the coronavirus crisis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Listening | Making | Listening | Making | |
Coping | ||||
Feel connected to others | 0.69 | 0.62 | 0.93 | 1.38 |
Cope emotionally | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.33 | 1.01 |
Serve as replacement for social interaction | 0.77 | 0.78 | 0.93 | 1.40 |
Functions | ||||
Top 6 functions with largest mean difference | Helps distract (0.90) | Feel less lonely (0.94) | Provides a spiritual experience (0.93) | Provides a spiritual experience (1.23) |
Reduces stress (0.85) | Provides comfort (0.92) | Feel like understanding others (0.88) | Helps identify with the artist (1.15) | |
Provides comfort (0.78) | Reduces stress (0.92) | Provides an aesthetic experience (0.88) | Helps dwell on worries (1.15) | |
Supports in a bad mood (0.78) | Lets daydream (0.82) | Feel connected to culture (0.85) | Provides an aesthetic experience (1.13) | |
Feel less lonely (0.77) | Vent negative emotions (0.80) | Helps identify with the artist (0.84) | Gives new perspectives (1.09) | |
Vent negative emotions (0.75) | Helps distract (0.79) | Feel like sharing one’s experience (0.82) | Feel like part of a bigger group (1.09) | |
Situations | ||||
Top 3 situations with largest mean difference | While doing other activities (0.71) | Dance with others on the internet (0.85) | With others (0.75) | Play together (0.98) |
While alone (0.68) | Dance alone (0.84) | In the evening (0.69) | Perform for others (0.97) | |
While doing housework (0.63) | Dance with others (0.79) | While travelling (0.65) | Sing with others on the internet (0.94) | |
Selection | ||||
Diverse music | 0.42 | 0.52 | 0.30 | 0.44 |
Coronamusic interest | 0.88 | 0.95 | 1.05 | 1.41 |
Nostalgic music | 0.58 | 0.55 | 0.42 | 0.53 |
