Table 3 The effects of external collaboration on firm growth capability.

From: Exploring the impact of external collaboration on firm growth capability: the mediating roles of R&D efforts

 

Dependent variable: FGC

 

M1

M2

M3

M4

M5

Constant

0.270

0.093

−0.268

0.022

−0.453**

Control Variables

Ownership

−0.718***

−0.744***

−0.625***

−0.671***

−0.620***

Age

0.092

0.088

0.045

0.095

0.051

Size (Ln)

−0.293***

−0.334***

−0.166*

−0.291***

−0.202**

Industry

0.299

0.300

0.229

0.411**

0.314*

Independent Variables

VC

 

0.403**

  

0.203

HC

  

0.314 ***

 

0.272***

CC

   

0.413**

0.278

Goodness-of-fit

R2

0.280

0.329

0.440

0.317

0.469

Adj R2

0.248

0.291

0.408

0.278

0.425

F

8.648***

8.646***

13.821***

8.179***

10.838***

Maximum VIF

1.228

1.228

1.241

1.273

1.293

Durbin-Wastson

1.931

2.009

2.109

1.946

2.192

  1. N = 94. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01 (two-tailed tests).
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