Table 2 Steps for the frequency-based verb selection.

From: Detecting directional forces in the evolution of grammar: A case study of the English perfect with intransitives across EEBO, COHA, and Google Books

Step

Procedure

Selected verbs

1

Select verbs from a full list of contemporary words in COCA

5764

2

Select intransitive verbs based on LDOCE Online

719

3

Select verbs from 2 that occurred more than 200 times in the three datasets

46

4

Select verbs from 3 with more than 50% of be+PP in EEBO

13

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