Table 4 Top 30 keywords of the 13 target countries in Asian ‘Language and Linguistics’ research.
From: Bibliometric analysis of Asian ‘language and linguistics’ research: A case of 13 countries
Rank | Top keywords | Freq. | Top countries that often used the keyword(usage frequency in parentheses) | Top 5 frequently co-appearing keywords(usage frequency in parentheses) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | EFL | 393 | Taiwan (62), Iran (61), Indonesia (45) | ESL (22), motivation (18), reading comprehension (14), writing (10), Japan (9) |
2 | Chinese | 365 | China (181), Hong Kong (77), Taiwan (55) | English (39), Malay (10), Hong Kong (9), politeness (9), reading (8) |
3 | English | 355 | China (62), Japan (47), Hong Kong (46) | Chinese (39), Japanese (23), Korean (14), Arabic (14), Mandarin (12) |
4 | motivation | 323 | Iran (51), China (50), Japan (44) | self-efficacy (19), EFL (18), language learning (17), attitude (16), anxiety (15) |
5 | Japanese | 322 | Japan (264), Singapore (12), Hong Kong (11) | English (23), conversation analysis (14), Korean (9), identity (8), scrambling (7), language acquisition (7) |
6 | identity | 286 | Hong Kong (57), China (51), Malaysia (27) | Hong Kong (20), investment (11), gender (11), language learning (9), language attitudes (9), English as a lingua franca (9) |
7 | academic writing | 277 | China (60), Malaysia (40), Hong Kong (34) | metadiscourse (19), genre analysis (13), research articles (10), stance (9), lexical bundles (9), EAP (9), research article (9) |
8 | reading comprehension | 275 | Iran (96), Taiwan (28), Hong Kong (24) | morphological awareness (14), EFL (14), vocabulary (13), vocabulary knowledge (8), English as a Foreign Language (8), EFL learners (8) |
9 | gender | 273 | Iran (74), Hong Kong (31), Indonesia (28) | age (15), identity (11), motivation (10), sexism (8), culture (7), EFL learners (7) |
10 | EFL learners | 237 | Iran (130), Taiwan (19), Saudi Arabia (17) | motivation (9), reading comprehension (8), listening comprehension (8), pragmatic competence (7), gender (7) |
11 | Hebrew | 235 | Israel (232), Hong Kong (1), India (1), Japan (1) | morphology (24), Arabic (21), syntax (16), Russian (15), English (11), language acquisition (11) |
12 | bilingualism | 227 | Israel (44), Singapore (28), Hong Kong (27) | multilingualism (12), English (7), Turkish (7), bilingual education (7), code-switching (6), translanguaging (6) |
13 | critical discourse analysis | 225 | Iran (45), China (38), Malaysia (38) | ideology (26), corpus linguistics (19), political discourse (8), metaphor (8), power (8), neoliberalism (8) |
14 | Hong Kong | 215 | Hong Kong (190), China (23), Singapore (1), Taiwan (1) | identity (20), medium of instruction (14), language policy (11), English (10), Chinese (9) |
15 | writing | 211 | Iran (38), China (28), Turkey (27) | reading (13), EFL (10), feedback (7), assessment (7), English as a foreign language (6), genre (6), Chinese (6), speaking (6) |
16 | language | 211 | China (39), Israel (24), Hong Kong (23) | culture (21), communication (15), linguistics (12), English (9), discourse (8) |
17 | conversation analysis | 207 | Japan (68), South Korea (28), Turkey (24) | Japanese (14), classroom interaction (13), interactional competence (11), turn-taking (8), epistemics (7), English as a lingua franca (7), repair (7) |
18 | China | 206 | China (143), Hong Kong (45), Singapore (8) | English (8), Hong Kong (6), discourse analysis (6), critical discourse analysis (6), language policy (5), Taiwan (5), ideology (5), identity (5) |
19 | discourse analysis | 203 | Hong Kong (49), China (34), Israel (24) | teacher identity (16), teacher education (10), discourse markers (9), corpus linguistics (9), genre analysis (7) |
20 | corpus | 202 | China (57), Taiwan (22), Japan (21) | vocabulary (10), data-driven learning (10), concordance (6), lexical bundles (6), collocation (5), English (5) |
21 | translation | 201 | China (51), Iran (34), Malaysia (27) | ideology (9), English (7), culture (7), Persian (6), equivalence (6), Chinese (6) |
22 | second language acquisition | 201 | Japan (33), Taiwan (29), China (25) | interlanguage (6), conversation analysis (5), interlanguage pragmatics (5), individual differences (5), universal grammar (5) |
23 | metaphor | 199 | China (39), Iran (29), Hong Kong (22) | metonymy (24), cognitive linguistics (14), conceptual metaphor (8), critical discourse analysis (7), emotion (6) |
24 | culture | 197 | Iran (47), China (28), Malaysia (17) | language (21), English (8), identity (8), gender (7), translation (7) |
25 | vocabulary | 191 | Turkey (29), Japan (26), Iran (21) | reading comprehension (13), reading (11), corpus (10), phonological awareness (8), motivation (8) |
26 | higher education | 189 | Malaysia (27), Hong Kong (25), China (24) | EMI (8), English-medium instruction (7), Hong Kong (7), internationalization (6), English medium instruction (6) |
27 | language learning | 189 | China (25), Hong Kong (24), Turkey (21) | motivation (17), identity (9), nobile learning (7), autonomy (5), language teaching (5), English (5), multimodality (5), EFL (5) |
28 | reading | 185 | Israel (38), China (36), Taiwan (15), Hong Kong (15) | writing (13), vocabulary (11), phonological Awareness (9), Hebrew (9), orthography (8), Chinese (8) |
29 | sentiment analysis | 185 | India (49), China (47), Taiwan (15) | opinion mining (29), Twitter (23), machine learning (21), deep learning (21), social media (15) |
30 | Cantonese | 180 | Hong Kong (151), China (21), Singapore (3), Taiwan (3) | Mandarin (13), English (11), Chinese (7), tone (5), grammaticalization (5), children (5), Putonghua (5), specific language impairment (5) |
