Table 7 Robustness test.

From: Spatial double dividend from China’s main grain-producing areas policy: total factor productivity and the net carbon effect

Variables

(1)

(2)

(3)

 

ATFP

NCS

ATFP

NCS

ATFP

NCS

did

0.414*** (5.344)

2.202*** (8.745)

−0.069 (−0.455)

0.857 (1.968)

0.391*** (3.982)

0.416** (2.533)

TW*did

2.835*** (6.907)

−1.122 (−0.848)

−0.139 (−0.252)

−1.257 (−0.405)

0.880*** (4.205)

−1.544*** (−4.423)

Control variables

Control

Control

Control

Control

Control

Control

Constant

−4.947*** (−4.722)

46.044*** (5.387)

1.789* (1.954)

66.163*** (4.648)

−2.415*** (−5.268)

10.538*** (6.190)

W*dep.var.

−0.999*** (−2.740)

0.164 (0.637)

0.369*** (3.561)

0.192 (0.655)

−0.410*** (−3.041)

0.984*** (384.529)

N

690

690

180

180

690

690

R-squared

0.594

0.434

0.409

0.461

0.587

0.876

Province FE

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Year FE

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

  1. *, **, ***, respectively, represent significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1%.