Fig. 6: The topos of responsibility in the reported speech concerning “factors”.

The possible perception process of the readers when they comprehend the news report in the logic of “responsibility” topos in example (7). The premise denoted in the news report is that a country is responsible for its own policy. The conclusion rules connect the premise and the claim. The implicit argument that China lacks the ability to address the difficulties encountered in the implementation of the recycling policy suggested by the newspaper can be inferred from the claim.