Table 7 Estimation results of the model with variable substitution.

From: How does industry-university-research collaborative innovation affect energy intensity in China: a novel explanation based on political turnover

Variables

(1)

(2)

(3)

Patent

−0.1711***

(−9.55)

  

CI

  

−0.0354***

(−4.02)

PT

 

−0.1917*

(−1.77)

 

Patent×PT

 

−0.0624*

(−1.94)

 

CI × PT

  

−0.0125*

(−1.93)

Control

Yes

Yes

Yes

Constant

Yes

Yes

Yes

Observations

270

270

270

Hausman P-value

0.0003

0.0061

0.0034

  1. The number of patents granted (Patent) is used to measure IUR collaborative innovation; T statistics in parentheses; ***p < 0.01, *p < 0.1; the Hausman test shows that the FE model is acceptable.
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