Table 4 The collectivistic cultural effect on COVID-19 spread rate during lockdown vs non-lockdown periods.
Dependent variable: CASE_GROWTH | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Model (1) Lockdown | Model (2) Non-Lockdown | Coefficient Difference (1) – (2) |
COLLECTIVISTIC | −73.454*** | −22.512*** | −50.941*** |
|  | (−4.201) | (−4.658) |  |
SARS | −8.399*** | −0.432 | −7.967*** |
|  | (−5.125) | (−0.708) |  |
LN(POPULATION) | 1.671*** | 0.739*** | 0.932 |
| Â | (2.715) | (4.979) | Â |
AGE65 | −3.486*** | 0.010 | −3.496*** |
|  | (−13.575) | (0.166) |  |
LN(GDP) | −1.497 | −2.272*** | 0.776 |
|  | (−1.312) | (−9.288) |  |
SMOKE | 0.092 | 0.122*** | −0.030 |
| Â | (0.873) | (4.412) | Â |
LN(LENIENT_ENFORCEMENT) | 26.403*** | 2.080*** | 24.323*** |
| Â | (12.930) | (4.509) | Â |
PROTESTANT | −0.277*** | 0.000 | −0.277*** |
|  | (−5.718) | (0.004) |  |
CATHOLIC | −0.205*** | 0.037*** | −0.242*** |
|  | (−7.548) | (4.577) |  |
MUSLIM | 0.052 | 0.076*** | −0.024 |
| Â | (1.636) | (10.078) | Â |
Continent FE | Control | Control | Â |
Month FE | Control | Control | Â |
Observations | 3,394 | 20,989 | Â |
R-squared | 0.634 | 0.587 | Â |
