Table 2 Pre- and post-test values of the study variables according to the use of mobile apps.

From: Gender and academic year as moderators of the efficacy of mobile app interventions to promote physical activity in adolescents: a randomized controlled trial

Descriptors (M ± SD)							App use × gender			App use × academic year
Variable	App use	Pre-test	Post-test	Mean diff.	p	Effect size	F	p	Effect size	F	p	Effect size
Physical activity level	Yes (n = 240)	2.63 ± 0.67	2.80 ± 0.60	−0.170	<0.001	0.052	8.691	0.053	0.021	9.812	0.072	0.024
Physical activity level	No (n = 160)	2.72 ± 0.68	2.70 ± 0.74	0.014	0.753	0.001	8.691	0.053	0.021	9.812	0.072	0.024
Body mass (kg)	Yes (n = 240)	55.47 ± 12.81	56.39 ± 12.64	−0.918	<0.001	0.126	0.123	0.726	0.001	0.419	0.181	0.001
Body mass (kg)	No (n = 160)	52.47 ± 10.65	53.39 ± 10.57	−0.925	<0.001	0.089	0.123	0.726	0.001	0.419	0.181	0.001
Height (cm)	Yes (n = 240)	162.91 ± 9.12	163.65 ± 9.03	−0.738	<0.001	0.109	1.809	0.473	0.005	0.962	<0.001	0.002
Height (cm)	No (n = 160)	160.87 ± 8.75	161.52 ± 8.70	−0.645	<0.001	0.059	1.809	0.473	0.005	0.962	<0.001	0.002
BMI (kg/m²)	Yes (n = 240)	20.85 ± 3.83	20.98 ± 3.70	−0.124	0.009	0.017	2.131	0.001	0.005	0.675	0.412	0.002
BMI (kg/m²)	No (n = 160)	20.19 ± 3.33	20.43 ± 3.22	−0.236	<0.001	0.041	2.131	0.001	0.005	0.675	0.412	0.002
Sitting height	Yes (n = 240)	84.89 ± 9.21	85.13 ± 9.28	−0.234	0.829	0.001	0.169	0.681	0.001	0.006	0.939	0.001
Sitting height	No (n = 160)	82.17 ± 14.99	81.95 ± 17.07	0.222	0.866	0.001	0.169	0.681	0.001	0.006	0.939	0.001
Sum of three skinfolds	Yes (n = 240)	52.08 ± 26.96	50.22 ± 24.35	1.855	0.002	0.025	2.271	0.133	0.006	2.052	0.046	0.005
Sum of three skinfolds	No (n = 160)	44.87 ± 23.71	44.32 ± 22.85	0.554	0.444	0.002	2.271	0.133	0.006	2.052	0.046	0.005
Waist girth	Yes (n = 240)	68.50 ± 8.73	68.55 ± 8.38	−0.044	0.759	0.001	0.909	0.341	0.002	0.493	0.048	0.001
Waist girth	No (n = 160)	67.49 ± 7.03	67.75 ± 7.13	−0.259	0.146	0.005	0.909	0.341	0.002	0.493	0.048	0.001
Hip girth	Yes (n = 240)	89.41 ± 9.15	90.35 ± 8.68	−0.937	<0.001	0.094	2.743	0.098	0.007	1.078	<0.001	0.003
Hip girth	No (n = 160)	86.22 ± 7.69	87.50 ± 7.59	−1.280	<0.001	0.113	2.743	0.098	0.007	1.078	<0.001	0.003
Waist-to-hip ratio	Yes (n = 240)	0.77 ± 0.05	0.76 ± 0.05	0.007	<0.001	0.078	0.358	0.550	0.001	0.141	0.708	0.001
Waist-to-hip ratio	No (n = 160)	0.78 ± 0.05	0.77 ± 0.05	0.009	<0.001	0.068	0.358	0.550	0.001	0.141	0.708	0.001
Corrected arm girth (cm)	Yes (n = 240)	20.90 ± 2.79	21.31 ± 2.70	−0.411	<0.001	0.099	0.055	0.815	0.001	0.116	0.734	0.001
Corrected arm girth (cm)	No (n = 160)	20.73 ± 2.69	21.12 ± 2.62	−0.382	<0.001	0.059	0.055	0.815	0.001	0.116	0.734	0.001
Corrected thigh girth (cm)	Yes (n = 240)	39.19 ± 4.68	40.14 ± 4.56	−0.944	<0.001	0.096	3.403	0.066	0.009	4.401	0.057	0.011
Corrected thigh girth (cm)	No (n = 160)	39.23 ± 5.10	39.68 ± 4.15	−0.451	0.013	0.016	3.403	0.066	0.009	4.401	0.057	0.011
Corrected calf girth (cm)	Yes (n = 240)	28.95 ± 3.46	29.32 ± 2.85	−0.368	0.003	0.023	0.278	0.008	0.001	0.130	0.019	0.001
Corrected calf girth (cm)	No (n = 160)	28.68 ± 2.69	29.18 ± 2.61	−0.497	0.001	0.027	0.278	0.008	0.001	0.130	0.019	0.001
Fat mass (%)	Yes (n = 240)	22.77 ± 10.42	22.17 ± 9.80	0.606	0.006	0.019	1.153	0.025	0.003	0.729	0.025	0.002
Fat mass (%)	No (n = 160)	20.08 ± 9.95	19.79 ± 9.75	0.293	0.284	0.003	1.153	0.025	0.003	0.729	0.025	0.002
Muscle mass (kg)	Yes (n = 240)	18.03 ± 4.99	18.73 ± 5.03	−0.698	<0.001	0.145	2.765	0.097	0.007	2.629	0.106	0.007
Muscle mass (kg)	No (n = 160)	18.24 ± 4.64	18.71 ± 4.40	−0.472	<0.001	0.048	2.765	0.097	0.007	2.629	0.106	0.007
VO₂ max. (ml/kg/min)	Yes (n = 240)	38.04 ± 4.87	39.09 ± 5.70	−1.050	<0.001	0.073	3.654	0.057	0.011	0.549	0.459	0.002
VO₂ max. (ml/kg/min)	No (n = 160)	38.57 ± 5.02	39.26 ± 5.12	−0.686	0.006	0.021	3.654	0.057	0.011	0.549	0.459	0.002
Handgrip right arm (kg)	Yes (n = 240)	24.49 ± 7.63	25.97 ± 8.27	−1.481	<0.001	0.060	3.071	0.002	0.008	0.953	0.329	0.002
Handgrip right arm (kg)	No (n = 160)	24.39 ± 7.24	25.27 ± 8.49	−0.875	0.015	0.015	3.071	0.002	0.008	0.953	0.329	0.002
Handgrip left arm (kg)	Yes (n = 240)	23.00 ± 7.11	23.83 ± 7.41	−0.830	<0.001	0.031	0.453	0.002	0.001	2.932	0.088	0.007
Handgrip left arm (kg)	No (n = 160)	23.18 ± 6.74	23.87 ± 7.93	−0.688	0.014	0.015	0.453	0.002	0.001	2.932	0.088	0.007
CMJ (cm)	Yes (n = 240)	21.99 ± 7.35	23.26 ± 7.98	−1.262	0.015	0.015	1.670	0.005	0.004	0.973	0.324	0.002
CMJ (cm)	No (n = 160)	22.04 ± 7.55	22.53 ± 9.42	−0.487	0.438	0.002	1.670	0.005	0.004	0.973	0.324	0.002
Curl-up (number)	Yes (n = 240)	20.43 ± 11.49	24.39 ± 10.67	−3.953	<0.001	0.075	3.473	0.063	0.009	2.299	0.130	0.006
Curl-up (number)	No (n = 160)	20.33 ± 11.31	21.94 ± 11.93	−1.614	0.059	0.009	3.473	0.063	0.009	2.299	0.130	0.006

BMI body mass index, VO2 max, maximum oxygen consumption, CMJ countermovement jump.

Back to article page

Table 2 Pre- and post-test values of the study variables according to the use of mobile apps.

Search

Quick links