Table 7 Mechanism analysis: parental beliefs.

From: Are migrants a threat? Migrant children and human capital investments among local households in urban China

 

Panel A: Parental beliefs about their children

Education expectation

Confidence about the child’s future

Biased belief about the child’s academic achievement

Underestimate the child’s academic achievement

Overestimate the child’s academic achievement

Proportion of migrant children

−0.053 (0.295)

−0.030 (0.289)

1.259*** (0.271)

−0.478*** (0.128)

0.547*** (0.132)

Observations

3507

3504

3443

3443

3443

R2

0.178

0.102

0.132

0.112

0.106

 

Panel B: Parental beliefs about students’ peers and private tutoring

 

Friends are important for students’ grade

Private tutoring is important for students’ grade

This child likes his/her schoolmates

Migrant children are harmful to educational quality

Migrant children are harmful to school atmosphere

Proportion of migrant children

0.233*** (0.076)

0.069* (0.037)

−0.290* (0.149)

0.129*** (0.044)

0.073* (0.041)

Observations

3515

3515

3515

3320

3317

R2

0.023

0.018

0.038

0.022

0.020

 

Panel C: Parental beliefs about school teachers

 

This child likes homeroom teacher

This child likes other teachers at school

Students with academic records above average benefit most from the teachers

School teachers are responsible for this child

School teachers are patient with this child

Proportion of migrant children

−0.580*** (0.157)

−0.385** (0.160)

−0.080* (0.045)

−0.323** (0.142)

−0.441*** (0.143)

Observations

3482

3466

3468

3503

3495

R2

0.063

0.070

0.020

0.070

0.087

  1. Notes: The dependent variable in each regression is standardized to zero mean and unit variance. Standard errors in parentheses are clustered at the class level. Each regression includes all control variables and controls for grade-by-school fixed effects. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.
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