Table 10 Test results of the action mechanism.

From: From poverty to prosperity: assessing of sustainable poverty reduction effect of “welfare-to-work” in Chinese counties

Explained variables

CMDI

GDP per capita

Rural per capita disposable income

Fixed assets investment level

Quality of cultivated land

Employment opportunity

a. Test results of the action mechanism (infrastructure construction)

c.did #c. Infrastructure construction

2.172***

0.906***

0.692***

1.780***

1.076

0.013**

(0.156)

(0.047)

(0.027)

(0.083)

(2.508)

(0.007)

DID

−5.347***

−2.203***

−1.747***

−4.376***

−1.847

−0.024

(0.395)

(0.118)

(0.068)

(0.211)

(6.365)

(0.017)

Urban-rural structure

0.181**

−0.390***

−0.115***

0.102**

1.891

0.193***

(0.086)

(0.026)

(0.015)

(0.046)

(1.381)

(0.004)

Industrial scale

0.030

1.138***

0.319***

0.162***

−7.501***

−0.020***

(0.085)

(0.025)

(0.015)

(0.045)

(1.360)

(0.004)

Information level

−0.009

−0.006

−0.007***

−0.023***

0.214

−0.004***

(0.012)

(0.004)

(0.002)

(0.007)

(0.199)

(0.001)

Social consumption power

−0.119***

0.000

−0.021***

−0.071***

−0.932***

0.003***

(0.014)

(0.004)

(0.002)

(0.007)

(0.217)

(0.001)

County population density

0.187***

−0.284***

0.064***

0.203***

−0.567

−0.045***

(0.060)

(0.018)

(0.010)

(0.032)

(0.970)

(0.003)

Constant term

0.372

8.714***

7.702***

−0.791***

27.277***

0.585***

(0.391)

(0.117)

(0.068)

(0.209)

(6.289)

(0.017)

Observed value

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

R2

0.423

0.918

0.946

0.480

0.317

0.845

Time fixed sample

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Individual fixed sample

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

b. Test results of the action mechanism (intervention)

c.did #c. Intervention

0.594***

−0.160***

0.109***

0.672***

−0.438

−0.002

(0.056)

(0.017)

(0.010)

(0.030)

(0.899)

(0.002)

DID

−0.095***

0.159***

−0.040***

−0.149***

1.061*

0.010***

(0.035)

(0.010)

(0.006)

(0.019)

(0.562)

(0.001)

Urban-rural structure

0.137

−0.408***

−0.129***

0.067

1.870

0.193***

(0.086)

(0.026)

(0.015)

(0.046)

(1.380)

(0.004)

Industrial scale

0.135

1.172***

0.350***

0.253***

−7.466***

−0.020***

(0.084)

(0.025)

(0.015)

(0.045)

(1.356)

(0.004)

Information level

−0.015

−0.005

−0.008***

−0.029***

0.215

−0.004***

(0.012)

(0.004)

(0.002)

(0.007)

(0.199)

(0.001)

Social consumption power

−0.126***

−0.014***

−0.025***

−0.072***

−0.956***

0.002***

(0.014)

(0.004)

(0.002)

(0.007)

(0.217)

(0.001)

County population density

0.068

−0.292***

0.034***

0.086***

−0.552

−0.045***

(0.060)

(0.018)

(0.011)

(0.032)

(0.972)

(0.003)

Constant term

0.772**

8.696***

7.793***

−0.380*

27.143***

0.585***

(0.392)

(0.118)

(0.068)

(0.209)

(6.301)

(0.017)

Observed value

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

R2

0.422

0.917

0.945

0.481

0.317

0.845

Time fixed sample

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Individual fixed sample

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

c. Test results of the action mechanism (loan)

c.did #c. loan

0.377**

0.849***

0.757***

0.157

0.759

0.003

(0.178)

(0.053)

(0.031)

(0.096)

(2.863)

(0.008)

DID

−0.793*

−2.039***

−1.896***

−0.262

−1.029

0.002

(0.449)

(0.134)

(0.077)

(0.241)

(7.199)

(0.019)

Urban-rural structure

0.143*

−0.396***

−0.118***

0.069

1.880

0.193***

(0.086)

(0.026)

(0.015)

(0.046)

(1.380)

(0.004)

Industrial scale

0.117

1.166***

0.339***

0.235***

−7.465***

−0.020***

(0.085)

(0.025)

(0.015)

(0.045)

(1.357)

(0.004)

Information level

−0.011

−0.006

−0.007***

−0.024***

0.213

−0.004***

(0.012)

(0.004)

(0.002)

(0.007)

(0.199)

(0.001)

Social consumption power

−0.139***

−0.002

−0.021***

−0.089***

−0.937***

0.003***

(0.014)

(0.004)

(0.002)

(0.007)

(0.217)

(0.001)

County population density

0.140**

−0.282***

0.069***

0.159***

−0.573

−0.045***

(0.061)

(0.018)

(0.010)

(0.032)

(0.971)

(0.003)

Constant term

0.446

8.639***

7.628***

−0.708***

27.226***

0.585***

(0.393)

(0.117)

(0.068)

(0.211)

(6.303)

(0.017)

Observed value

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

R2

0.420

0.918

0.946

0.473

0.317

0.845

Time fixed sample

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Individual fixed sample

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

d. Test results of the action mechanism (savings)

c.did #c. savings

0.345*

0.763***

0.749***

0.130

1.006

−0.003

(0.206)

(0.062)

(0.036)

(0.111)

(3.306)

(0.009)

DID

−0.721

−1.839***

−1.890***

−0.196

−1.671

0.016

(0.522)

(0.156)

(0.090)

(0.280)

(8.383)

(0.022)

Urban-rural structure

0.144*

−0.394***

−0.115***

0.069

1.888

0.193***

(0.086)

(0.026)

(0.015)

(0.046)

(1.381)

(0.004)

Industrial scale

0.121

1.175***

0.347***

0.237***

−7.457***

−0.020***

(0.085)

(0.025)

(0.015)

(0.045)

(1.356)

(0.004)

Information level

−0.010

−0.006

−0.007***

−0.024***

0.213

−0.004***

(0.012)

(0.004)

(0.002)

(0.007)

(0.199)

(0.001)

Social consumption power

−0.140***

−0.003

−0.022***

−0.089***

−0.936***

0.003***

(0.014)

(0.004)

(0.002)

(0.007)

(0.217)

(0.001)

County population density

0.136**

−0.290***

0.063***

0.158***

−0.572

−0.046***

(0.060)

(0.018)

(0.010)

(0.032)

(0.971)

(0.003)

Constant term

0.453

8.657***

7.635***

−0.703***

27.195***

0.586***

(0.393)

(0.117)

(0.068)

(0.211)

(6.306)

(0.017)

Observed value

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

33,740

R2

0.420

0.918

0.946

0.473

0.317

0.845

Time fixed sample

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Individual fixed sample

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

  1. ***, **, * Indicate the significance at 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively, with robust standard error in brackets.
Back to article page