Table 2 Collinearity Test.

From: Impact of urban vitality on carbon emission—an analysis of 222 Chinese cities based on the spatial Durbin model

Variable

VIF

1/VIF

Economic vitality

6

0.17

Population vitality

3.99

0.25

Social vitality

3.58

0.28

URB

2.52

0.40

lnBIU

2.94

0.34

R2

0.36