Table 1 Variable measurements.
From: How does regional GDP manipulation affect livelihood investment?
Name | Calculation method |
|---|---|
SOCISRV | The proportion of local education expenditure, social and employment security expenditure, and medical and health expenditure in general public budget expenditure. |
GDPDIS | Official GDP growth rate minus true GDP growth rate. Referring to Henderson et al. (2012), the real GDP growth rate is calculated using lighting data. |
TENURE | The length of the official’s tenure in the same province at the same level. Among them, if the official takes office before June of the current year, the year is defined as the official change year; otherwise, the next year is the official take office year. |
LOCAL | If the official birthplace is not equal to the post office, the value is 1, 0 otherwise. |
GEN | The gen of official, 1 for males and 0 for females. |
EDU | This value is 1 for officials with a high school education and below. This value is 2 for officials with college and bachelor’s degrees. This value is 3 for officials with postgraduate education. |
AGE | Officer’s age. |
DEV | GDP per capita after regional price deflation. |
INDUS | The proportion of the secondary and tertiary industries in GDP. |
DEMAND | Proportion of population under 15 and over 65 years old. |
SLFSUFFI | General public budget revenue/General public budget expenditure. |
DECENT | Provincial per capita fiscal expenditure/Central and local per capita fiscal expenditure. |
FDI | Foreign direct investment absorbed by provinces. |
