Table 4 M-score Model by Beneish.

From: Creating quality portfolios using score-based models: a systematic review

Component

Derivation

M-score

−4.84 + 0.92 × M1 + 0.528 × M2 + 0.404 × M3 + 0.892 × M4 + 0.115 × M5 − 0.172 × M6 + 4.679 × M7 − 0.327 × M8

M1

Index of Days sales in Receivables Index

M2

Index of Gross Margin

M3

Asset Quality Index

M4

Index of Sales Growth

M5

Index of Depreciation

M6

Index of Sales, General and Administrative expenses

M7

Index of Leverage

M8

Total Accruals/Total Assets