Table 3 The Results of Interview Questions.

From: Resolving the unintended consequences of collective co-production through group co-production: a case study in Shanghai

Number

Interview Questions

Results

1

When the self-organizations were established and when the leaders began their work?

Mainly from 2008 to 2019, see case analyses for details.

2

The frequency of activities in 2020 and the past year.

The frequency of activities in the past year is about 4–14 times than that in 2020

3

What kinds of services were offered during the pandemic?

Four types of services, see case analyses for details.

4

How the members interacted with each other during the lock-down period?

Via online internet or in-person, see case analyses for details.

5

Whether the self-organization held any activities related to the pandemic?

80% responded yes.

  1. Source: Self-made by the authors.
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