Table 3 Between-Group Comparisons of Post-test Scores (ANCOVA).

From: Gamifying language education: the impact of digital game-based learning on Chinese EFL learners

Variable

F-value

p-value

Partial η²

Ideal L2 Self (IL2SS)

5.20

0.025

0.08

Autonomy (SDT)

0.45

0.505

0.01

Competence (SDT)

0.92

0.342

0.02

Relatedness (SDT)

1.15

0.287

0.02

Enjoyment

16.34

<0.001

0.20

  1. Pre-test scores were used as covariates in the analysis.