Table 6 Descriptive statistics on MDD.

From: The impact of research paradigms on encoding and decoding difficulties of applied linguistics articles

Time

Paradigm

Mean

Std. Deviation

N

1981–1985

qualitative

2.787

0.208

40

 

quantitative

2.639

0.174

40

 

Total

2.713

0.205

80

2011–2015

qualitative

2.827

0.241

40

 

quantitative

2.964

0.203

40

 

Total

2.895

0.232

80

Total

qualitative

2.807

0.224

80

 

quantitative

2.802

0.249

80

 

Total

2.804

0.236

160

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