Table 1 Major discursive strategies manifest in the data.

From: How Chinese online critics oppose genetically modified foods: discourse analysis and food policy implications

Discursive strategies

Brief explanations

Metaphor

Metaphor of War: Anti-GMFs is a war. GMFs opponents are fighters. GMFs supporters are enemies. Opposing GMFs is achieving victory and seeking justice.

Irony

Professionals are unprofessional.

GMFs zhuangjia (pseudo experts) lack authority and are immoral.

Moralization

Abstraction: Supporting GMFs is unpatriotic. Opposing GMFs is patriotic. Eating GMFs violates the value of filial piety and patriotism.

Intertextuality

Intertextualize historical origins such as Chinese proverbs, idioms, ancients’ sayings, and Chinese social conservative culture.

  1. The table provides brief explanations of the major discursive strategies manifest in the data.
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