Table 1 Variable definitions.
From: Big data and firm greenwashing: evidence from China’s national big data comprehensive pilot zone
Variable | Variable definitions |
|---|---|
GW | The calculation obtained by Eq. (1) |
Post | If the year is 2016 or later, the value is 1 and 0 otherwise |
Treat | If the firm is located in the pilot zone, the value is 1 and 0 otherwise |
Post×Treat | Post multiplied by Treat |
Size | The natural logarithm of the total assets |
Leverage | Total liabilities divided by total assets |
Growth | Operating income divided by the previous year’s operating income minus 1 |
ROE | Net profit divided by common stockholders’ equity |
Cashflow | Net operating cash flow divided by total assets |
Liquidity | Current assets divided by current liabilities |
PPE | Fixed asset divided by total assets |
AGE | The natural logarithm of the number of years since the enterprise’s establishment |
Director | Number of independent directors divided by the number of board members |
Holdings | Number of shares held by executives divided by the number of common shares |
First | Number of shares held by the largest shareholder divided by the number of common shares |
