Table 3 Standardised coefficients in three-level probit regressions predicting uncertain career expectations with national environments, school contexts, and student background factors.

From: Unsettled horizon: adolescents’ career expectations in the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous contexts

		M1		M2		M3		M4		M5		M6		M7		M8
		β	Pr	β	Pr	β	Pr	β	Pr	β	Pr	β	Pr	β	Pr	β	Pr
CNT level	Stability
	Uncertainty 2018	0.799c	0.79	0.821c	0.79	0.824c	0.80	0.810c	0.79	0.812c	0.79	0.814c	0.79	0.814c	0.79
	National environment
	GDP			−0.010	0.50	0.018	0.51	0.033	0.51	0.021	0.51	0.026	0.51	0.026	0.51	0.139	0.56
	NEET			0.082	0.53	0.094a	0.54	0.083	0.53	0.072	0.53	0.082	0.53	0.082	0.53	−0.060	0.48
	Pandemic influence
	Stringency					−0.002	0.50	−0.002	0.50	−0.002	0.50	−0.001	0.50	−0.001	0.50	−0.136	0.45
	Work-hour loss					0.087	0.53	0.077	0.53	0.079	0.53	0.079	0.53	0.079	0.53	0.026	0.51
	R² between cnt	0.639		0.643		0.655		0.647		0.649		0.649		0.649		0.079
SCH level	School context
	Sch achievement	−0.208c	0.42	−0.206c	0.42	−0.206c	0.42	−0.213c	0.42	−0.213c	0.42	−0.208c	0.42	−0.208c	0.42	−0.212c	0.42
	Sch SES	0.184c	0.57	0.176c	0.57	0.177c	0.57	0.183c	0.57	0.181c	0.57	0.175c	0.57	0.175c	0.57	0.187c	0.57
	Edu disruption	−0.154c	0.44	−0.150c	0.44	−0.151c	0.44	−0.156c	0.44	−0.157c	0.44	−0.157c	0.44	−0.157c	0.44	−0.157c	0.44
	Career guidance	−0.045c	0.48	−0.041c	0.48	−0.045c	0.48	−0.042c	0.48	−0.043c	0.48	−0.043c	0.48	−0.043c	0.48	0.044c	0.52
	R² between sch	0.047		0.046		0.047		0.049		0.049		0.048		0.048		0.049
STU level	Student background
	Female gender	−0.080c	0.47	−0.080c	0.47	−0.080c	0.47	−0.080c	0.47	−0.080c	0.47	−0.080c	0.47	−0.080c	0.47	−0.080c	0.47
	Achievement	−0.205c	0.42	−0.205c	0.42	−0.205c	0.42	−0.205c	0.42	−0.205c	0.42	−0.204c	0.42	−0.204c	0.42	−0.204c	0.42
	SES	−0.041c	0.48	−0.040c	0.48	−0.039c	0.48	−0.037c	0.48	−0.037c	0.48	−0.039c	0.48	−0.039c	0.48	−0.038c	0.48
	Preparation	−0.036c	0.49	−0.036c	0.49	−0.036c	0.49	−0.037c	0.49	−0.037c	0.49	−0.037c	0.49	−0.037c	0.49	−0.036c	0.49
	Self-efficacy	−0.029c	0.49	−0.028c	0.49	−0.028c	0.49	−0.028c	0.49	−0.028c	0.49	−0.028c	0.49	−0.028c	0.49	−0.029c	0.49
	Interactions
	SES*GDP							0.012c	0.50							0.008c	0.50
	SES* NEET									−0.010c	0.50					−0.004	0.50
	Female* GDP											0.003a	0.50			0.006c	0.50
	Female*NEET													0.000	0.50	0.004	0.50
	R² within	0.066		0.066		0.066		0.066		0.066		0.065		0.065		0.066

^ap < 0.05; ^bp < 0.01; ^cp < 0.001.
Pr predicted probability; GDP gross domestic product per capita, NEET Not in Education, Employment, or Training; SES socioeconomic status, CNT country, SCH school, STU student, Edu education.

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Table 3 Standardised coefficients in three-level probit regressions predicting uncertain career expectations with national environments, school contexts, and student background factors.

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