Table 1 Environmental elements of the street space.
From: Unraveling the Nexus: how street network morphology influences crime in Detroit
| Â | Type | Specific characteristic | Detailed indicators | Statements |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Street morphology | Geometric Morphology | Street network density | Total road density (km/km²) | The ratio of total road length to total land area within each block group (km/km²). |
Street network grade | Major road rate | The proportion of Road Network Classes, meaning the ratio of the road length of each class to the total road length within each block group. | ||
Minor road rate | ||||
Local road rate | ||||
Topological Morphology | Intersection | Total count | The total number of intersections within each block group (unit: count). | |
Street Configurational Types (see Fig. 1) | X-cell | X ratio and T ratio represent the proportion of X- and T-junctions, respectively (their sum equals 1). Cell ratio and cul ratio represent the proportion of closed loops and cul-de-sacs, respectively (their sum equals 1). | ||
X-tree | ||||
T-cell | ||||
T-tree | ||||
Permeability | R = 800, 1500, and n | The Betweenness values at different radii were calculated using the Spatial Design Network Analysis (sDNA) tool. | ||
Activity nodes | ATMs and banks, bus stations, restaurants, places of worship, parking lots, bars, entertainment venues, hospitals, schools, and Police offices | The quantity of each facility is measured in units: count. Leisure facilities, schools, places of worship, and police stations are binary variables, where 1 indicates their presence. | ||
Socioeconomic attributes | Population | Race | White, African American, and Asian | The population of each type within the study unit, measured in thousands. |
Education degree | At least a bachelor degree | |||
income | Unemployment and low income | |||
Transportation modes | The number of people who travel by car, bus, and on foot | |||
Socioeconomic Conditions | unemployment rate | The unemployment rate is the ratio of the number of unemployed individuals within the labor force to the total labor force population. | ||
Renter-occupied housing units | The ratio of the number of rental houses to the total number of non-vacant houses | |||
Vacant housing units | The ratio of vacant houses to total houses | |||
