Table 7 Comparison of the Frequency of Modal Particles Between Chinese Translation Corpus and Chinese Original Corpus.
Modal Particles | Chinese Original Corpus | Chinese Translation Corpus | Significance of Difference | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Raw frequency | Normalized frequency (per 10k) | Raw frequency | Normalized frequency (per 10k) | Loglikelihood | Sig. | |||
啊(a) | 196 | 4.54 | 434 | 9.39 | 77.02 | 0 | *** | - |
吧(ba) | 383 | 8.86 | 731 | 15.82 | 88.6 | 0 | *** | - |
呗(bai) | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.04 | \ | \ | \ | - |
呵(he) | 26 | 0.60 | 2 | 0.04 | 26.04 | 0 | *** | + |
啦(la) | 94 | 2.18 | 130 | 2.81 | 3.66 | 0.056 | - | |
哩(li) | 4 | 0.09 | 10 | 0.22 | 2.27 | 0.132 | - | |
喽(lou) | 4 | 0.09 | 5 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.815 | - | |
吗(ma) | 459 | 10.62 | 712 | 15.41 | 39.54 | 0 | *** | - |
嘛(ma) | 44 | 1.02 | 47 | 1.02 | 0 | 0.997 | + | |
么(me) | 20 | 0.46 | 0 | 0.00 | \ | \ | \ | + |
哪(na) | 23 | 0.53 | 33 | 0.71 | 1.19 | 0.275 | - | |
呐(na) | 4 | 0.09 | 13 | 0.28 | 4.44 | 0.035 | * | - |
呢(ne) | 457 | 10.57 | 556 | 12.04 | 4.22 | 0.04 | * | - |
哇(wa) | 6 | 0.14 | 1 | 0.02 | 4.3 | 0.038 | * | + |
噢(o) | 8 | 0.19 | 4 | 0.09 | 1.64 | 0.2 | + | |
哦(o) | 4 | 0.09 | 0 | 0.00 | \ | \ | \ | + |
呀(ya) | 125 | 2.89 | 111 | 2.40 | 2.03 | 0.155 | + | |
哟(yo) | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.02 | \ | \ | \ | - |
Total | 1,857 | 42.97 | 2,792 | 60.44 | 132.2 | 0 | *** | - |
