Table 1 Questionnaire design and variable setting.
Dimensions | Survey scales/Factors | Subscales | Number of survey items |
|---|---|---|---|
Personal information | Grade, [disciplinary] college, major, participation in internationalisation, and form of internationalisation experience (exchange programmes or internationalisation courses) | 8 | |
Institutional IC development initiative | Internationalisation cultivation plan | Level of understanding of institutional internationalisation cultivation plan, and access to information | 4 |
Internationalisation resources and quality assurance | Resourcefulness of courses/programmes, and quality of courses/programmes | 10 | |
Implementation procedure | Difficulties of course/programme selection | 2 | |
Individual attitudes and experience | Engagement attitude | Willingness to participate, degree of acceptance of cultivation model, and degree of recognition of cultivation pathway | 6 |
Internationalisation experience | Course/programme content, instructional design, assessment methods, and classroom atmosphere | 8 | |
Students’ self-assessment of IC | Knowledge, skill, and attitude | 7 | |
