Table 4 Reliability and validity analysis.

From: Impact of pull–push motivations on tourist satisfaction and loyalty: the moderating role of Islamic attributes in shaping destination image

Factors

PUSH

PULL

IDI

TS

DL

IA

PUSH

0.754

     

PULL

0.372***

0.837

    

IDI

0.333***

0.256***

0.792

   

TS

0.406***

0.389***

0.223***

0.830

  

DL

0.454***

0.451***

0.251***

0.350***

0.788

 

IA

0.206***

0.264***

0.104***

0.116***

0.259***

0.937

CR

0.901

0.942

0.864

0.946

0.830

0.973

AVE

0.568

0.700

0.627

0.689

0.621

0.879

MSV

0.206

0.204

0.111

0.165

0.206

0.070

  1. Bold values are the square root of AVE, showing discriminant validity.
  2. CR composite reliability, AVE average variance extracted.
  3. Significance of correlation: ***p < 0.001.
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