Fig. 2: New central methods and tools kick-start new scientific fields (illustrated with nobel prize-winning methods).

High-energy physics is a large and foundational field that has been developed and expanded by multiple particle detectors and accelerators that each won a Nobel prize, and thus that row of data reflects an exception that includes instruments that not only gave rise but also vastly expanded the field. *The first spectrograph, developed in 1859, is the only instrument included in the figure that did not receive a Nobel prize, which was used to open the field of mass spectrometry.