Table 6 Robustness check of the effect of preschool attendance on student’s non-cognition development.

From: Preschool education and non-cognitive skills: evidence from rural China’s junior high students

 

Full sample

Variables

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Non-cognition total scores

Conscientiousness

Neuroticism

Agreeableness

Openness

Extraversion

Panel A: The duration of preschool attendance

      

 Less than 1 year (1 = yes 0 = no)

0.181

−0.014

0.070**

0.050

−0.011

0.087**

 

(0.115)

(0.033)

(0.032)

(0.035)

(0.035)

(0.035)

 For 1–2 years (1 = yes 0 = no)

0.260**

−0.009

0.085***

0.065**

0.019

0.100***

 

(0.106)

(0.030)

(0.031)

(0.031)

(0.031)

(0.032)

 For 2 years and above (1 = yes 0 = no)

0.442***

−0.007

0.077***

0.121***

0.097***

0.154***

 

(0.095)

(0.027)

(0.027)

(0.028)

(0.028)

(0.028)

 Observations

8893

8893

8893

8893

8893

8893

Panel B: The start time of preschool attendance

      

 Younger than 2 years

0.038

0.062

0.072

−0.156

−0.125

0.185

 

(0.908)

(0.200)

(0.201)

(0.285)

(0.223)

(0.204)

 Between 2 and 3 years (including 2 years)

0.436**

−0.093

−0.027

0.131**

0.125**

0.300***

 

(0.220)

(0.065)

(0.065)

(0.064)

(0.063)

(0.064)

 Between 3 and 4 years (including 3 years)

0.528***

−0.013

0.089***

0.142***

0.125***

0.186***

 

(0.106)

(0.030)

(0.031)

(0.031)

(0.031)

(0.032)

 Between 4 and 5 years (including 4 years)

0.353***

−0.005

0.089***

0.102***

0.057*

0.110***

 

(0.101)

(0.029)

(0.029)

(0.030)

(0.029)

(0.030)

 Older than 5 years (including 5 years)

0.151

−0.005

0.070**

0.033

−0.021

0.075**

 

(0.102)

(0.029)

(0.029)

(0.031)

(0.030)

(0.031)

 Observations

8928

8928

8928

8928

8928

8928

Panel C: Random classes

      
 

0.350***

−0.007

0.088***

0.074**

0.041

0.154***

 

(0.110)

(0.031)

(0.032)

(0.033)

(0.033)

(0.032)

 

5689

5689

5689

5689

5689

5689

Panel D: First born

      
 

0.251*

−0.032

0.040

0.068*

0.015

0.162***

 

(0.137)

(0.038)

(0.039)

(0.041)

(0.041)

(0.042)

Observations

3270

3270

3270

3270

3270

3270

  1. Each column corresponds to a separate regression. Covariates include age, only child, left behind students, boarding at school, father has high school education or above, mother has high school education or above, family economics status. Robust standard errors in parentheses, fixed at the county level, clustered at the school level. The duration of preschool attendance and the start time of preschool attendance variables have some missing values. *, **, and *** indicate statistical significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively.
Back to article page