Table 9 Placebo checks for IV estimate.

From: Preschool education and non-cognitive skills: evidence from rural China’s junior high students

Variables

(1)

(2)

Preschool attendance

Parent vocation

Preschool attendance at the school level

0.470***

 
 

(0.087)

 

Is there a preschool in your community

0.026***

 
 

(0.009)

 

Preschool attendance

 

0.509

  

0.988

Test for under-identifying restrictions (p value)

0.0006

 

F test for weak instruments

23.09

 

Test for over-identifying restrictions (p value)

 

0.6402

Constant

 

5.924

  

(1.328)

R2

 

0.114

Observations

 

7923

  1. Each column corresponds to a separate regression. Covariates include age, only child, left behind students, boarding at school, father has high school education or above, mother has high school education or above, family economics status. Robust standard errors in parentheses, fixed at the county level, clustered at the school level. The duration of preschool attendance and the start time of preschool attendance variables have some missing values. *** indicate statistical significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively.
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