Table 2 Measures and factor loadings.

From: Use of refillable bottles by Italian students and non-student adults: testing an extended model of the theory of planned behavior

Constructs and source

Code

Item

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Past behavior

Canova et al. (2020a); (2022)

PB1

In the last month, have you used a refillable bottle for drinking away from home? (1 = no, 5 = very often)

0.95

PB2

In the last month, how often did you use a refillable bottle for drinking away from home? (1 = never, 5 = every day)

0.95

Attitude toward the behavior

 

To use a refillable bottle for drinking away from home in the next month would be…

 

Canova et al. (2020a); (2022); (2023)

ATT1

unpleasant–pleasant (1 = negative pole, 7 = positive pole)

0.65

ATT2

negative–positive (1 = negative pole, 7 = positive pole)

0.84

ATT3

stupid–intelligent (1 = negative pole, 7 = positive pole)

0.79

ATT4

harmful–beneficial (1 = negative pole, 7 = positive pole)

0.64

ATT5

undesirable–desirable (1 = negative pole, 7 = positive pole)

0.66

Subjective norm

Canova et al. (2022); (2023)

SN1

Most of the people who are important to me (family members, friends and partner) think I should use a refillable bottle for drinking away from home in the next month (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

0.77

SN2

Most people who are important to me (family members, friends and partner) would approve if I use a refillable bottle for drinking away from home in the next month (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

0.88

SN3

Most people who are important to me (family members, friends and partner) encourage me to use a refillable bottle for drinking away from home in the next month (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

0.75

Perceived behavioral control

Canova et al. (2022)

PBC1

Using a refillable bottle for drinking away from home in the next month is an easy behavior for me to perform (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

0.88

PBC2

Using a refillable bottle for drinking away from home in the next month is a behavior under my control (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

0.65

PBC3

How much control do you think you have over the behavior of using a refillable bottle for drinking away from home in the next month? (from 1 = no control to 5 = full control)

0.72

Self-identity

Snippe et al. (2021); Canova et al. (2020a)

SI1

I see myself as a person who is interested in using a refillable bottle for drinking away from home (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

0.85

SI2

I think of myself as a person who uses a refillable bottle for drinking away from home (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

0.89

SI3

Using a refillable bottle for drinking away from home is an important part of who I am (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

0.67

SI4

I am the kind of person who uses a refillable bottle for drinking away from home (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

0.89

Intention

Canova et al. (2020b); (2022); (2023)

INT1

I intend to use a refillable bottle for drinking away from home in the next month (from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree)

0.88

INT2

How likely is it that you will form the intention to use a refillable bottle for drinking away from home in the next month? (from 1 = very unlikely to 5 = very likely)

0.85

INT3

How likely is it that you will actually use a refillable bottle for drinking away from home in the next month? (1 = very unlikely, 5 = very likely)

0.91

Future behavior: using a refillable bottle

Canova et al. (2020a)

BEH1

In the last month, have you used a refillable bottle for drinking away from home? (1 = no, 5 = very often)

0.96

BEH2

In the last month, how often did you use a refillable bottle for drinking away from home? (1 = never, 5 = every day)

0.95