Table 4 Path coefficients of the model and the test of structural invariance.
Path | Total (n = 835) | Students (n = 429) | Non-student adults (n = 406) | Test of structural invariance | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β(SE) | 95% CI | β(SE) | 95% CI | β(SE) | 95% CI | Δχ2(1) | p < | |
PB→Attitude | 0.54 (0.04)*** | [0.47, 0.60] | 0.52 (0.06)*** | [0.41, 0.62] | 0.53 (0.05)*** | [0.43, 0.62] | 0.01 | 0.91 |
PB→SN | 0.28 (0.04)*** | [0.20, 0.35] | 0.35 (0.05)*** | [0.25, 0.44] | 0.23 (0.05)*** | [0.12, 0.33] | 5.63 | 0.02 |
PB→PBC | 0.69 (0.03)*** | [0.64, 0.74] | 0.65 (0.04)*** | [0.57, 0.73] | 0.70 (0.04)*** | [0.63, 0.77] | 0.12 | 0.73 |
PB→Self-identity | 0.60 (0.03)*** | [0.54, 0.66] | 0.59 (0.05)*** | [0.49, 0.67] | 0.63 (0.04)*** | [0.55, 0.70] | 1.07 | 0.30 |
PB→Intention | 0.29 (0.04)*** | [0.20, 0.37] | 0.29 (0.06)*** | [0.17, 0.41] | 0.26 (0.06)*** | [0.14, 0.37] | 0.30 | 0.58 |
Attitude→Intention | 0.24 (0.05)*** | [0.14, 0.34] | 0.32 (0.07)*** | [0.18, 0.45] | 0.15 (0.07)* | [0.02, 0.30] | 4.24 | 0.04 |
SN→Intention | 0.01 (0.04) | [–0.06, 0.08] | 0.02 (0.06) | [–0.09, 0.16] | –0.01 (0.04) | [–0.07, 0.06] | 0.17 | 0.68 |
PBC→Intention | 0.28 (0.07)*** | [0.15, 0.42] | 0.30 (0.09)** | [0.14, 0.50] | 0.27 (0.09)** | [0.11, 0.47] | 0.13 | 0.72 |
Self-identity→Intention | 0.18 (0.06)** | [0.06, 0.31] | 0.04 (0.06) | [–0.08, 0.15] | 0.35 (0.10)*** | [0.14, 0.52] | 15.30 | 0.001 |
PB→ Future behavior | 0.65 (0.05)*** | [0.55, 0.74] | 0.63 (0.07)*** | [0.47, 0.76] | 0.62 (0.08)*** | [0.47, 0.77] | 0.47 | 0.49 |
Intention→ Future behavior | 0.16 (0.06)** | [0.04, 0.29] | 0.10 (0.11) | [–0.10, 0.32] | 0.23 (0.08)** | [0.07, 0.39] | 2.24 | 0.13 |
PBC→ Future behavior | 0.07 (0.06) | [–0.05, 0.18] | 0.13 (0.09) | [–0.06, 0.30] | 0.03 (0.08) | [–0.13, 0.19] | 0.82 | 0.36 |
