Table 1 Review of comparative literature.

From: Knowledge management and sustainable innovation for green finance: evidence from Asia

Author

Focus area

Level of analysis

Methodology

Lundvall and Nielsen (2007)

Learning organizations, knowledge management, and innovation in firms

Firm level

(Danish private sector)

Survey; evolutionary analysis

Tamazian et al. (2009)

Institutional quality, economic development, and environmental performance

BRICs/National level

GMM

Chen and Huang (2009)

Strategic HR practices, knowledge management capacity, and innovation performance

Firm level (Taiwan)

Survey; regression analysis

Donate and Guadamillas (2011)

Organizational enablers (culture, leadership, HR) for KM and innovation

Firm level (Spain, innovative industries)

Survey (n = 111); SEM

Stuermer et al. (2017)

Conceptualizing digital artifacts as sustainable resources in knowledge societies

Conceptual/multi-level (ecosystem perspective)

Theoretical analysis; conceptual framework

Gao, et al. (2018)

Theoretical conceptions and design approaches of knowledge management

Conceptual/Theoretical

Theoretical review and synthesis

Di Vaio et al.(2021)

Digital innovation in knowledge management systems and business governance

Literature-based (Global/business level)

Bibliometric review of 46 articles (1990–2020)

Aksu and Akman (2024)

Eco-determinants, eco-innovation strategies, and SME sustainability performance

Firm level (Turkey)

Survey; PLS-SEM (Smart-PLS)

Ding et al. (2022)

Innovation climate, knowledge sharing, and RandD team effectiveness in green finance

Team level (green finance R&D teams, China)

Survey; SEM

Lee et al. (2023)

Knowledge sharing, organizational culture, structural capital, and innovation performance

Firm level (Taiwan real estate sector)

Survey; Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM)

Chumg and Huang (2021)

Cultural embeddedness, happiness, and knowledge-sharing in virtual inter-organizational teams

Team/organizational level (Taiwan, Farmers’ Associations)

Qualitative case study; interviews and observations

Mardani et al., 2018

KM activities (creation, integration, application) and their impact on innovation and firm performance

Firm level (Iranian Power Syndicate firms)

Survey (n = 120); SEM using PLS

Mota Veiga et al. (2023)

Knowledge spillovers, KM capabilities, and innovation in hospitality

Firm level (Portugal)

Survey; multiple regression

Xu et al. (2023)

Digital transformation, eco-innovation, sustainable performance

Firm level (China)

PLS-SEM