Table 2 The coding for characterisation of in-group/out-group cultural artefact pictures (including duplicate codes).
Subject | Content | Representative text |
|---|---|---|
P1:hue | The colour is explicitly mentioned. | With large red as the keynote / snowwhite |
P2:hue frequency | An objective description of the richness of colour. | Rich colours / relatively not-so-rich colours / simple colours |
P3:brightness | An objective description of colour brightness. | Shiny/dull |
P4:saturability | An objective description of colour saturation. | The colour is too bright / too light |
P5:symmetry | An objective description of artefact symmetry. | Symmetrical / not very regular |
P6:texture | An objective description of the texture of an artefact, but without reference to a specific object. | The style is not complicated / the lines are round / the patterns are complicated |
O1:geometry | Identify geometric elements in artefacts, including patching marks. | Ice cracks/loops/triangles or squares |
O2:humanity | Identify characters or human activities in artefacts. | Poets /garden flowers/portrait of foreigners |
O3:nature | Identify natural elements in artefacts that do not involve artificiality. | Galloping horse / flowerandbird painting / with elements of fire |
O4:myth | Identify mythological elements in artefacts. | Loong and Phoenix/orc/god |
O5:material | The identification or objective description of the material. | Pottery/bronze/porcelain/golden edge |
O6:shape | The identification and objective description of the shape. | The Ding/plate/handle/three legs |
S1:colour | A subjective description of the colour. | The colour is more restrained/exaggerated and bold |
S2:shape | A subjective description of the shape. | The shape is majestic/strange |
S3:material | A subjective description of the material. | Dumb material/smooth surface |
S4:style | Identify a style. | Traditional/Chinese painting/realistic/exotic |
S5:content | A Subjective description of the content. | Delicate pattern/ink painting/patterns about Western faiths/abstract patterns |
S6:function | Interpretation or speculation about the function of artefacts. | The ancient drinking cup/does not show its function |
S7:production technique | Description of the making techniques. | Difficult craftsmanship/fired with clay |
S8:date | Mentioning the age of artefacts. | Ancient/primitive/modern |
S9:geography | Mentioning the geography of artefacts. | Chinese/foreign palace/Egypt |
S10:selfreference | Reasoning based on the subject’s own experience. | Is it in line with Chinese aesthetics/seen in museums/not seen much/not like Chinese |
