Table 6 Evolution of CERC improvement potential from 2013 to 2022 unit:%.

From: Evaluating China’s carbon neutrality transition: a system framework using a two-stage dynamic non-radial directional distance function

DMUs

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Beijing

44.4

46.8

41.1

71.0

52.3

40.2

23.8

10.6

60.2

44.9

Fujian

23.9

29.9

12.6

16.1

20.1

16.3

9.1

14.8

24.9

23.7

Guangdong

38.5

33.9

12.1

37.2

27.6

32.2

27.6

26.4

39.8

23.7

Hainan

40.1

42.0

36.7

41.5

42.5

44.3

39.3

41.2

42.4

41.9

Hebei

10.3

4.5

9.1

0

0

0

0

3.6

16.1

4.8

Jiangsu

31.5

30.8

30.3

29.9

27.8

25.0

23.5

21.8

19.1

13.7

Liaoning

19.2

7.6

18.4

18.3

24.5

12.3

16.1

36.5

26.6

22.0

Shandong

39.2

14.5

17.3

30.4

28.6

28.3

25.0

25.8

25.0

21.5

Shanghai

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

8.8

6.5

Tianjin

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Zhejiang

53.6

40.3

36.3

38.8

38.3

35.8

33.9

28.9

38.8

34.5

Eastern region

27.3

22.8

19.4

25.7

23.8

21.3

18.0

19.1

27.4

21.6

Anhui

0

0

0

0

0

16.2

21.4

13.7

28.0

28.8

Guangxi

91.5

64.1

77.8

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Heilongjiang

36.9

34.8

37.6

36.7

39.7

32.0

39.6

39.1

33.5

33.5

Henan

42.6

47.1

34.4

40.4

32.5

31.5

27.4

27.2

24.1

20.4

Hubei

11.3

8.0

20.4

15.8

5.8

16.7

0.0

19.2

17.4

19.2

Hunan

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Inner Mongolia

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.1

0

Jiangxi

68.9

8.1

54.7

5.8

8.3

3.6

2.8

3.0

0

0

Jilin

35.5

26.3

21.8

27.1

30.1

28.7

33.6

29.0

7.2

9.8

Shanxi

0

0

2.5

10.4

10.5

0

0

0

0

0

Central region

28.7

18.8

24.9

13.6

12.7

12.9

12.5

13.1

11.0

11.2

Chongqing

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Gansu

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Guizhou

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

14.7

Ningxia

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Qinghai

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Shaanxi

50.3

22.4

17.2

11.8

20.2

14.1

14.7

12.4

0

0

Sichuan

97.8

90.3

81.9

75.3

57.9

76.5

71.2

66.3

49.8

53.9

Xinjiang

25.2

3.1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

9.5

Yunnan

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1.9

13.0

16.9

Western region

19.3

12.9

11.0

9.7

8.7

10.1

9.5

9.0

7.0

10.6

Average

25.4

18.5

18.7

16.9

15.6

15.1

13.6

14.0

15.8

14.8

  1. A zero value indicates that the DMU has no room for improvement in this indicator relative to the benchmarks.
  2. The data for the eastern region is displayed as the average of the 11 provinces mentioned above, the central region as the average of the 10, and the western region as the average of the 9.