Table 5 The robustness test.
SEM | SDM | Replace the dependent variable | Lagged dependent variable | Intra-province geographical matrix | Extra-province geographical matrix | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
\(\rho\) | 0.663*** | 0.438*** | 0.562*** | 0.427*** | 0.258*** | |
(0.038) | (0.048) | (0.039) | (0.021) | (0.049) | ||
λ | 0.673*** | |||||
(0.036) | ||||||
g-1 | 0.156*** | |||||
(0.019) | ||||||
Control variables | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
City | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
Year | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
N | 2580 | 2580 | 2580 | 2580 | 2580 | 2580 |
\({R}^{2}\) | 0.404 | 0.413 | 0.226 | 0.375 | 0.487 | |
Log-likelihood | 1072.770 | 1089.147 | −1727.461 | 1118.197 | 959.118 | |
F-value | 798.75*** |