Table 2 Teachers’ physical and ınstructional arrangements to support engagement.
Main theme | Sub-theme | Codes | Illustrative quotations |
|---|---|---|---|
Physical Arrangements | Personal Space and Safety | Setting physical boundaries, minimizing contact, rearranging classroom layout | “I set boundaries inside and outside the classroom.” (P9) |
Classroom Safety | Removing dangerous items, monitoring physical proximity | “I move toys or objects that may pose a danger to the safe area.” (P24) | |
Instructional Strategies | Interest-Based Activities | Activities tailored to student interests, use of feedback, prolonged attention span | “I prolong the attention span with interesting voice tone or feedback.” (P22) |
Creative Engagement | Use of interactive methods, engaging materials | “I increase the group address and proceed as interactive lessons.” (P22) | |
Behavioral Interventions | Reinforcement Strategies | Positive reinforcement (50%), Negative reinforcement (50%) | – |
Antecedent Strategies | Identifying interests (50%), providing activity info (25%), fun/creative activities (25%) | – | |
Social Support Strategies | Peer and Adult Support | Supporting peer communication, adult scaffolding, physical support | “I make them sit close to me because they sometimes hit.” (P24) |
Family and Community | Family cooperation, diaries, individual support, video/dictionary use | “We cooperate with families and try to support engagement at home as well.” (P13—if cited) |
