Table 5 Evolutionary pattern of CEECI.

From: Evolution of carbon emission efficiency in the construction industry: Evidence from Guangdong-Fujian-Zhejiang coastal urban agglomeration in China

City

Type

Pattern

 

2014

2016

2018

2020

2022

Shantou

I

I

I

I

IV

Progressive mode

Chaozhou

IV

IV

IV

IV

I

Progressive mode

Jieyang

I

IV

I

I

I

Oscillatory mode

Meizhou

I

I

II

I

I

Oscillatory mode

Fuzhou

I

II

I

IV

IV

Disruptive mode

Xiamen

III

III

IV

I

I

Disruptive mode

Quanzhou

II

IV

I

IV

I

Disruptive mode

Putian

II

III

II

III

II

Oscillatory mode

Zhangzhou

III

II

II

II

II

Progressive mode

Sanming

II

II

II

III

IV

Disruptive mode

Nanping

II

II

II

II

II

Steady-state mode

Ningde

II

II

II

II

III

Progressive mode

Longyan

II

II

III

II

II

Oscillatory mode

Wenzhou

II

IV

IV

IV

IV

Progressive mode

Lishui

III

III

III

III

II

Progressive mode

Quzhou

IV

IV

III

III

I

Disruptive mode