Table 17 Predictive validity of the inner model using PLS predict.
Construct | Q²_predict | MAE (mean absolute error) | RMSE (root mean square error) | Predictive relevance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Attitude toward AI | 0.28 | 0.145 | 0.18 | Good |
Behavioral intention to use AI | 0.26 | 0.137 | 0.175 | Acceptable |
EFL students’ creativity | 0.3 | 0.15 | 0.185 | Good |