Table 9 Mechanism test.

From: The impact of digital literacy on women’s wage income: evidence from China

(1) Female consciousness

Type of Effect

No Interaction

With Interaction

Under Treatment

(t = 1)

Under Control

(t = 0)

Average Mediation Effect

\(\bar{\delta }\left(t\right)\)

0.0218***

0.0363**

0.0073

[0.0077, 0.0359]

[0.0077, 0.0649]

[-0.0049, 0.0194]

Average Direct Effect

\(\bar{\zeta }\left(t\right)\)

0.2148***

0.2293***

0.2003***

[0.1252, 0.3045]

[0.1391, 0.3195]

[0.1081, 0.2925]

Average Total Effect

\(\bar{\tau }\left(t\right)\)

0.2366***

0.2366***

[0.1467, 0.3265]

[0.1467, 0.3265]

(2) Schedule flexibility

Type of Effect

No Interaction

With Interaction

Under Treatment

(t = 1)

Under Control

(t = 0)

Average Mediation Effect

\(\bar{\delta }\left(t\right)\)

−0.002

0.009

−0.013*

[−0.009, 0.005]

[−0.007, 0.024]

[−0.025, −0.000]

Average Direct Effect

\(\bar{\zeta }\left(t\right)\)

0.243***

0.254***

0.232***

[0.153, 0.333]

[0.161, 0.347]

[0.143, 0.321]

Average Total Effect

\(\bar{\tau }\left(t\right)\)

0.241***

0.241***

[0.150, 0.332]

[0.150, 0.332]

(3) Information channels

Type of Effect

No Interaction

With Interaction

Under Treatment

(t = 1)

Under Control

(t = 0)

Average Mediation Effect

\(\bar{\delta }\left(t\right)\)

0.0356

0.0643*

0.0069

[0.0059, 0.0653]

[−0.0006, 0.1292]

[−0.0145, 0.0283]

Average Direct Effect

\(\bar{\zeta }\left(t\right)\)

0.2134***

0.2421***

0.1847***

[0.1211, 0.3056]

[0.1435, 0.3407]

[0.0837, 0.2856]

Average Total Effect

\(\bar{\tau }\left(t\right)\)

0.2490*

0.2490*

[0.1565, 0.3414]

[0.1565, 0.3414]

  1. In parentheses are robust standard errors; ***, ** and * represent the significance levels of 1%, 5% and 10%.
  2. The 95% confidence interval was estimated via bootstrap resampling with 1000 replications.