Fig. 3: Comparative CO2 emissions: BRICS vs Middle East, (1995–2020).
From: The impact of renewable energy on CO2 emissions in Middle Eastern and BRICS economies

This clustered column chart compares CO₂ emissions across BRICS countries and selected Middle Eastern nations from 1995 to 2020. Each column represents the total CO₂ emissions (measured in metric tons) for each country during this period, providing a visual means to analyze both disparities and trends between these two regions.