Fig. 4: Cluster structures of oil and natural gas trade networks among the BRI countries, 2009–2018. | Humanities and Social Sciences Communications

Fig. 4: Cluster structures of oil and natural gas trade networks among the BRI countries, 2009–2018.

From: Evolution and proximity analysis of oil and natural gas trade networks among the Belt and Road Initiative countries

Fig. 4: Cluster structures of oil and natural gas trade networks among the BRI countries, 2009–2018.

a Oil trade network (2009–2013); b Oil trade network (2014–2018); c Natural gas trade network (2009–2013); d Natural gas trade network (2014–2018). Clusters are ordered in the legend from top to bottom by formation sequence: Group 1, Group 2, Group 3, etc.

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