Fig. 3: Atmospheric fields and heat budget analysis over NE Pacific associated with SAT variations in the ES-CS region during winter over 1979–2021.
From: Arctic warming as a potential trigger for the warm blob in the northeast Pacific

a Regression maps of winter 10 m wind fields (arrows), wind speed anomalies (shading), and SLP anomalies (contours) obtained from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset regressed onto the SAT over the ES-CS region for the period of 1979–2021. Regression maps of anomalous winter b SST from ERSST v5 and ML heat budget terms (°C/sea) regressed onto the SAT over the ES-CS region from 1979 to 2021: c ML ocean temperature tendency; d net surface air-sea heat flux; e horizontal heat advection; and f residual term. The three-dimensional ocean temperature and current data were obtained from the GODAS dataset, while the air-sea heat flux data were from the ERA5 reanalysis.