Fig. 2: Time evolution of the composite SST, upper ocean heat content (UOHC) and mixed-layer depth (MLD) anomalies, mixed-layer heat budget and associated terms averaged over the defined study region for compound MHW-TC events.
From: Compound marine heatwaves and tropical cyclones delay the onset of the Bay of Bengal summer monsoon
The horizontal axis spans from Day -30 to Day 20 relative to the peak TC intensity, with Day 0 marking the time for the peak TC intensity. The light yellow and blue shading represent the MHW and TC phases, respectively. a Composite SST (black solid curve; left column; unit: °C pentad−1) and UOHC anomalies (purple dashed curve; right column; unit: kJ cm−²). The blue solid curve represents the SST climatology, the green solid curve represents the 90th percentile threshold for MHW, and the red-filled area highlights the period associated with the identified MHW. b MLD anomalies (gray dashed curve; right column; unit: m) and mixed-layer temperature heat budget terms (unit: °C pentad−1), with yellow bars representing the mixed-layer temperature tendency (Tend). The blue, red, purple, and green solid curves denote the net surface heat flux term (Qnet) and the individual zonal advection (ZA), meridional advection (MA), and vertical advection (VA) terms, respectively. c Qnet and four anomalous heat flux terms (unit: °C pentad−1), including the net downward shortwave radiation (SWR), net upward longwave radiation (LWR), sensible heat flux (SHF), and latent heat flux (LHF). d VA and its related three anomalous terms (unit: °C pentad−1; see the Methods section for more details).
