Table 1 Detailed information on the selected AMIP models

From: Weakened relationship between November Barents-Kara sea ice and January Arctic Oscillation after the mid-1990s

Model name

Institution and country

Resolution (lon × lat)

ACCESS-ESM1-5

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Australia

192 × 145

BCC-CSM2-MR

Beijing Climate Center (BCC), China

320 × 160

CNRM-CM6-1-HR

CNRM (Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques, Toulouse 31057, France), CERFACS (Centre Europeen de Recherche et de Formation Avancee en Calcul Scientifique, Toulouse 31057, France)

720 × 360

EC-Earth3

EC-Earth-Consortium, Europe

512 × 256

HadGEM-GC31-MM

Met Office Hadley Centre, UK

432 × 325

MIROC6

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), University of Tokyo (UT), National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) and RIKEN Center for Computational Science (RCCS), Japan

256 × 128

MRI-ESM2-0

Meteorological Research Institute (MRI), Japan

320 × 160

NESM3

Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), China

192 × 96

SAM0-UNICON

Seoul National University (SNU), South Korea

288 × 192

TaiESM1

Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, China

288 × 192