Fig. 5: Sea ice and CO2 changes in relation to the AA ratio in abrupt climate change (ACC) events.
From: A stable Arctic amplification ratio in long-term transient simulation over the last 21,000 years

a NH (black) and Arctic (red) 2 m air temperature evolution over the past 21,000 years in TraCE-21ka. Purple circles highlight ACC samples with temperature trends exceeding ±0.5 °C/100a. b AA ratio and corresponding NH sea ice area trends. c AA ratio and corresponding NH CO2 concentration trends. Purple dots represent the same cases as purple circles in (a). Red crosses indicate the 20th century ensemble mean from CMIP6.