Fig. 2: Distributions of TC frequency versus TC lifetime, based on CMIP5/6 downscaling and the historical period before and after classification into short-lived and long-lived groups.

a TC lifetime distribution as obtained from the WRF downscaling experiments for the CMIP5/CMIP6 historical period (solid and dashed black), RCP45/RCP85 (blue/orange), SSP245/SSP285 (cyan/red), and corresponding best track distribution during the 1979–2003 period (thick gray); b Averaged number of short-lived TCs (lifetime ≤ 5 days) for best track (black column), downscaled CMIP5 (blue columns) and CMIP6 (grey columns), and c Similar to b but for the long-lived TCs (lifetime > 5).